頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 技職教育模式之探討--日本「專修學校」制度之研究=Study of the "Special Training School=sensyu-gakou" in Japanese Education System |
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作 者 | 梁忠銘; | 書刊名 | 臺東師院學報 |
卷 期 | 10 1999.06[民88.06] |
頁 次 | 頁1-26 |
分類號 | 524.931 |
關鍵詞 | 日本教育制度; 專修學校; 技職教育; Japan educational system; Special training; School=sensyu-gakou; Vocational education; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 歐美的先進國家與日本對於學校教育機能低下與構造的重整,一直都在積極的尋 求改進之道。其改善的共通視點,大都基於強調教育的「卓越性( excellence )」與「個 性的啟發」之重要性,進而重視教育環境之「差異化.多樣化」的追求。為了達成上述的目 標,遂將資本主義的「市場原理」與「競爭原理」的思想導進教育理論的領域,促使教育「 市場化」與「私學化」的發展。 日本為因應此教育潮流,於 1975 年通過立法並修正學校教育法成立一種新的學校教育制度 ,並定其名為「專修學校」。專修學校制度與傳統的學校教育制度,有非常大的差異,既不 受中央的機構文部省所公佈的「學習指導要領」的約束,也不需依據「教育課程基準」的規 定,編排其課程內容。 專修學校制度不以標榜「學歷」為其教育的目標,而以「資格」與「能力」為其教育的特色 。專修學校成立的目的為職業能力與實際生活能力的教育養成與教養知識的向上為宗旨。教 育的內容大都與職業的資格、技能、技術或者與實際社會生活所須知職業能力有直接的關連 。所以其教育的成果可以立即活躍於社會或者企業.產業界。而其教育課程的編排因無須依 據日本文部省(教育部)所定的「學習指導要領」,所以有比較大的課程編排空間設計其多 式多樣的教育內容,並可依產業.經濟.社會的發展情況,迅速的因應並修正其教育方向或 擴充其教科領域與課程內容。特別是近年以來受電腦產業的發達,個人電腦與網路的普及, 福祉社會的充實與重視等等因素的影響,造成福祉產業與電腦產業這方面專業人才大量的需 求與不足。但是,社會急需的新興職業識程內容在普通的學校教育系統因受限與教育法規於 國定指導要領的約束,往往無法在短期內提供完整的教育環境。而專修學校卻能彌補上述缺 點,可以在短短的期間內即可培育出大量的各種職業專才,以提供社會所需,展現其制度上 的特色。 本論即在研究其成立的背景,制度的特性,課程的內容等方面做一整體的論述,期望能達成 提供一些日本教育制度的特色與迅息,達到教育參考的目的。 |
英文摘要 | The concern to education of Japan has increased internationally after the 1980s. It is two reasonable. One is an economical success of Japan. It came to be thought that another is because the school in Japan is getting the resultant excellent in the point of man talent cultivation. It is in the background at the sense of impending crisis to the functional fall of the school education in industrially advanced nations such as European and Anerican. Therefore, reform called educational "re-structure-ization" has been advaced. About this point, Japan also had the same sense of impending crisis. And reform of an educational system is promptly advanced from the second half of the 1970s. As one of the concrete examples, it was foundation of a "sensyu-gakou" system. As an educational organization similar to a school, the "sensyu-gakou" is widely opened from the strict educational regulation. Based on the subject consciousness of exploring in the secret of the success of made-in-Japan business, it is going to clarify this research about the formation background of the "sensyu-gakou" system in Japan, and a special feature and the contents of a course of the vocational education. As a purpose, I see the developmental situations of a sensyu-gakou, and think it is useful to recognize the present condition, the subject and the developmental direction of vocational education of our country. The composition of this research is as follows. 1 Introduction. 2 The structure and the feature of a Special Training School system. 3 A Special Training School and an occupation qualification system. 4 Conclusion. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。