頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 殺菁與乾燥對雪耳品質之影響=Effect of Blanching and Drying on Quality of Snow Ear Mushroom |
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作者 | 陳柏翰; 顏威揚; 何純誼; 陳淑德; Chen, Bo-han; Yen, Wei-yang; Ho, Chun-yi; Chen, Su-der; |
期刊 | 宜蘭大學生物資源學刊 |
出版日期 | 20141200 |
卷期 | 10 2014.12[民103.12] |
頁次 | 頁23-34 |
分類號 | 463.1 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 雪耳; 多醣; 殺菁; 微波; 乾燥; Snow ear mushroom; Polysaccharides; Blanching; Microwave; Drying; |
中文摘要 | 雪耳為一種的白色木耳菇蕈,其中的多醣成分具有許多的生理活性,例如:抗氧化、抗腫瘤、提高免疫力、降血糖等。由於新鮮雪耳之含水率及多酚氧化酵素含量高,儲藏期只有兩週,故需加工處理以延長儲藏期限。本研究之目的為(1)探討不同的前處理方法(沸水殺菁、微波殺菁、蒸氣殺菁、浸漬1%亞硫酸氫鈉溶液)對雪耳的多酚氧化酶活性和品質的影響,(2)研究微波真空乾燥和熱風乾燥對雪耳乾燥速率和產品品質之影響。結果顯示,四種前處理皆能降低雪耳多酚氧化酵素之活性,但微波殺菁處理雪耳的外觀顏色不佳,亞硫酸氫鈉溶液浸泡處理雪耳的質地軟爛,而以蒸氣殺菁的雪耳和新鮮的雪耳顏色較相似。雪耳經微波真空乾燥可大幅縮短熱風乾燥的時間,且二者的顏色相似。乾燥雪耳之復水率達11以上。若考慮乾燥時間和復水雪耳之品質(復水率、剪切力、顏色),建議使用蒸氣殺菁前處理1 min並配合微波真空乾燥120 min為乾燥雪耳之最佳製程。 |
英文摘要 | Snow ear mushroom is a white ear mushroom and the polysaccharides which are one kind of acidic polysaccharides. It has many physiological activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, enhance immunity, lower blood sugar. Due to the high moisture and polyphenol oxidase content of the fresh fungus, the storage period is only two weeks; therefore, it needs to extend the shelf life by processing. The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the effects of different pretreatment methods (boiling water blanching, microwave blanching, steam blanching, immersing 1% sodium bisulfite solution) on polyphenol oxidase activity and quality of snow ear mushroom, (2) to study of microwave vacuum drying and hot air drying of snow ear mushroom on drying rates and product quality. The results showed that the four pretreatments significantly decreased polyphenol oxidase activity of snow ear mushroom. However, the microwave blanched snow ear mushroom had poor color appearance, and the NaHSO_3 (aq) immersed snow ear mushroom had too soft texture. The steam blanched and fresh snow ear mushrooms had similar color. Microwave vacuum drying snow ear mushroom significantly reduced drying time and had similar color compared with hot air drying. The rehydration rate of dried snow ear mushroom was reached up to 11. Base on the drying time and qualities (rehydration ratio, shear force, color) of rehydrated snow ear mushroom, the recommended processing of snow ear mushroom was 1 min steam blanching pretreatment and then 2 hr microwave vacuum drying process. |
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