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題名 | 簡易設施苗期番茄上銀葉粉蝨(Bemisia argentifolii)之生態研究=Studies on the Occurrence of Silverleaf Whitefly, Bemisia Argentifolii, on Tomato in the Net House |
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作者姓名(中文) | 蕭文鳳; 江碧媛; 洪進雄; 洪巧珍; | 書刊名 | 植物保護學會會刊 |
卷期 | 48:3 民95.09 |
頁次 | 頁173-187 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
關鍵詞 | 銀葉粉蝨; 番茄; 簡易設施; Silverleaf whitefly; Bemisia argentifolii; Tomato; Net house; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 調查台灣北、中及南部育苗中心之番茄穴盤苗銀葉粉蝨 (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) 發生狀況。利用黃色黏板,偵測簡易番茄栽培網室,內、外圍之銀葉粉蝨水平及垂直分布;研究設施塑膠網網目大小及顏色,對銀葉粉蝨成蟲通過塑膠網之影響,探討物理防治之可行性。結果顯示,所調查之9個簡易網室中有8個網室,被銀葉粉蝨成蟲入侵,8-10月,被入侵網室各有5、8及6個,危害率由0-100%,且不同之番茄品種,顯示不同程度之危害率。就網目規格言,其中網目24、32、50及60,其危害率依序為24.3、19.2、2.9及4.1 %。調查顯示銀葉粉蝨在被害株上,若蟲之分布位置,主要分布於由植株基部算起第1-3片本葉,於8至10月之分布率,分別為100、88.8及92%。不同節位本葉之不同齡期若蟲分布,調查結果,第1、2本葉上之蛹殼數及第4齡若蟲數,均較第3、4片本葉為高,顯示銀葉粉蝨在番茄子葉期及心葉半展開期,即開始危害番茄苗株。銀葉粉蝨成蟲,在番茄栽培網室外圍,不同高度之垂直分布率,隨著高度之增加而降低,離地面30 cm之分布率,顯著高於100、200 cm高度之分布率。推測銀葉粉蝨在不同高度之水平分布,與周邊作物相有關。不同塑膠網網目規格及三種顏色,對銀葉粉蝨成蟲通過塑膠網之測試,在供試24、32、40、50、60、80及100網目等七種網目,僅對24及32網目有91.7%及85.1%通過比率,而無法通過40-100等較大網目的塑膠網,此可作為建構防護銀葉粉蝨危害設施之參考。而黃、藍、綠三種顏色防蟲網,對銀葉粉蝨成蟲通過率,並無顯著差異。 |
英文摘要 | The objectives of this study are to investigate the occurrence of silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii, in net house at northern, central, and southern parts of Taiwan from August 2004 to October 2004. The vertical and horizontal distribution rates of B. argentifolii outside and inside the net house were investigated using yellow sticky boards at three heights near the net house. Effects of mesh size and color of plastic net on the penetration of B. argentifolii adults were also studied. Data showed that eight of nine tomato growing net houses were infested by B. argentifolii. Infestation rate was 0-100% from August to October, 2004 during the sampling period. Nymphs of B. argentifolii distributed mainly on the first to third true leaf of tomato seedlings. The infestation ratio on first, second and third true leaf of tomato seedlings were 100, 88.8 and 92%, respectively, during survey period. Results showed that the density of B. argentifolii decreased with increasing height in the net house. The infestation ratio at height of 30 cm was significantly greater than that of 100 and 200 cm. Horizontal distribution of B. argentifolii in the net house may be affected by other cultivated plant near the net house. Different size of meshes of plastic net had played a role in the penetration of B. argentifolii to the net house. The penetration rate of B. argentifolii to 24 and 32 mesh of plastic net were 91.7 and 85.1%, respectively. The net with the meshes of 40-100 would not allow the passage of B. argentifolii adults. The information is very important to the control of this insect pest. No significant differences were found among different colors of plastic net on their effect on the penetration rate of B. argentifolii. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。