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題名 | 韓非子參驗論芻議=An Initial Probe into the Triple-verifying of Han-fei-tz |
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作者 | 湯智君; Tang, Chih-chun; |
期刊 | 聯合學報 |
出版日期 | 20041200 |
卷期 | 25 民93.12 |
頁次 | 頁88-101 |
分類號 | 121.67 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 韓非子; 認識論; 參驗; 實證主義; Han-fei-tz; Epistemology; Triple-verifying; Positivism; |
中文摘要 | 所謂認識論,又稱為知識論,是哲學的一個組成部分,指研究人類認識的本質及其發展過程的理論。韓非子為了確立正確的認知,提出了一個檢驗認識的方法一一參驗。他認為只有經過驗證而考實的認識,才是可以相信的;毫無根據,只憑主觀的想像,那只是猜測之詞。在求證的過程中,尤其不能有主觀的偏見。這種認知事物的觀念,表現了絕對理性的實證精神。而韓非子驗證事物所用之形名參同、眾端參觀、「矛盾」不兩立之說等種種標準,則以名實相符、多方考核、言行邏輯的一致性為其訴求內涵,在在呈顯韓非子思想知性之精神與態度。雖然,韓非子提出的「參驗說」,本質上乃為封建君主著想,特別是為維護封建君主的權勢而創造。然而,中國傳統文化本具有求實的精神,韓非子主張以客觀之事實,證明理論是否正確,與今日科界所用之「求證法」相似,顯見其思想亦饒富科學的知性旨趣。雖然,韓非子的「參驗」說不免流於功利,然亦表現出法家思想客觀理性的面向,值得今人研究探析。 |
英文摘要 | The epistemology, a formative part of philosophy, was the theory of studying the essence of knowledge and its developing process. To obtain right knowledge, Han-Fei-tz proposed, Triple-Verifying, a testimony of epistemology, He thought that the knowledge could be accepted on testimony otherwise it was guessed. Especially, the verifying process did not proceed with subjective prejudice. It showed absolutely reasonable positivism. The criteria of his testimony were worthy of the name, examining in many ways and logical. The reasonable spirit of his thought was displayed. His theory of Triple-Verifying was essentially made for the power of a monarchy, however, his proposal of testimony by objective fact, realistic attitude of Chinese traditional culture, was similar with modern scientific method of testimony. It expressed the meaning of science. Though his theory of Triple-Verifying was utilitarian, it showed the objectively reasonable character of Faist and was deservedly studied. |
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