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題 名 | 臺大實驗林所屬茶園與鄰近林地土壤性質之比較=Comparison of Soil Properties between Tea Plantations and Neighboring Woodlands of Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University |
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作 者 | 鹿兒陽; 葉永廉; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣大學農學院實驗林研究報告 |
卷 期 | 16:1=235 2002.03[民91.03] |
頁 次 | 頁15-26 |
分類號 | 436.193 |
關鍵詞 | 茶園; 木荷; 杉木; 孟宗竹; 檳榔; 土壤性質; Tea plantation; Schima superba; Cunninghamia lanceolata; Phyllostachys pubescens; Areca catechu; Soil properties; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究在臺大實驗林清水溝營林區所屬鳳凰茶園與鄰近私人茶園、木荷(Schima superba)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)、孟宗竹(Phyllostachys pubescens)及檳榔(Areca catechu)林地採取土壤樣本,以了解樹種與經營方式對土壤性質之影響。在茶園所取的土壤深度包括0-15、15-40cm兩層次,在林地則取了0-15、15-30、30-50cm三個層次。一般而言,土壤樣本間的差異在表土較為顯著,結果發現實驗林茶園的表土pH值(3.9-4.8)比私人茶園(pH3.5)為高,土壤有機質含量(實驗林茶園3.5-5.5%)則較私人茶園(6.0%)為低,茶園土壤有機質含量與總氦量及陽離子交換容量有顯著正相關,亦即有機質含量低的土壤有較低的總氦量及陽離子交換容量,私人茶園土壤pH值低,因此含有較高的可交換性鋁,但私人茶園的可交換性陽離子含量卻是最低的。由各林地土壤之性質比較發現,木荷林土壤的pH值為所有林地中最低的,但其有機質含量(表土9.4%)卻是最高的,比茶園的有機質含量還要高,正如茶園一般,林地土壤的有機質含量亦與總氦量及陽離子交換容量有顯著正相關,土壤pH值與鹽基飽和度成正比,在pH值低的木荷林及杉木林有較低的鹽基飽和度,與鹽基飽和度相反,土壤可交換性鋁含量與pH值呈負相關,檳榔林(表土平均)368mg kg-1)土壤有效性磷含量與茶園(表土169-485mg kg-1)類似,二者的土壤有效性磷含量遠高於木荷林、杉木林、孟宗竹林的(表土12-25mg kg-1)。大致上,茶園土壤表土的pH值、有機質含量、總氦量、陽離子交換容量、錳、鋅含量都比底土高;林地土壤大部分的化學性質就如同茶園土壤一般,表土的值通常較底土為高,唯一例外的是,林地土壤表土的pH值比底土低。茶園與林地表底土pH值趨勢之差異也許是因為茶園所施的有機與林地的枯枝落葉性質有所不同之故。 |
英文摘要 | This study analyzed the properties of soils samples collected from the tea plantation of Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, its neighboring privately-owned tea plantation, and four man-made woodlands of guger tree (Schima superba), China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), and betel nut palm (Areca catechu). In tea plantations soil samples were taken from two depths (0-15cm and 15-40cm), while in woodlands samples were taken from three depths (0-15cm, 15-30cm and 30-50cm). The objective of this study was to understand the effects of planted species and management on soil properties. Generally, differences in soil properties are the most significant between surface soils. The results show that Experimental Forest’s tea plantation had higher surface soil pH (3.9-4.8) and lower organic matter contents (3.8-5.5%) than the privately-owned tea plantation (pH 3.4-3.5, OM 6.0%). The content of organic matter in soils of tea plantations was significantly correlated to total N and cation-exchange capacity. Therefore, the soils with low organic matter also have low total N or cation-exchange capacity. The privately owned tea plantation has the more acidified soil and thus higher exchangeable A1 and lower exchangeable cations (K, Ca and Mg). The comparisons of woodland soils show that of all woodlands the guger woodland had the lowest surface soil pH (3.9) and the greatest content of organic matter (9.4%). The organic matter contents in guger forest were also greater than those of tea plantations. Just like in the tea plantation, soil organic matter in woodlands was significantly correlated to total N and cation-exchange capacity. Soil pH was also correlated with soil base saturation. It means that the more acidified woodlands of gugers and China firs had the lower base saturation. In contrast to the base saturation, soil exchangeable A1 showed negative correlation with soil pH in woodlands. The woodland of betel nut palms (368mg kg-1 in surface soil) had similar soil level of available P as the tea plantation (169-485mg kg-1 in surface soil). The soil levels of available P in both tea plantations and woodland of betel nut palms were much higher than those in woodlands (12-25mg kg-1 in surface soil) of gugers, China firs and Moso bamboos. In tea plantations, surface soils usually had higher pH, organic matter contents, total N, cation-exchange capacity, Mn and Zn than subsoils. Comparison between surface soils and subsoils in woodlands observes the similar conclusions as in tea plantations with one exception. The exception is that in woodlands pH of surface soil was lower than that of subsoils. This difference in soil pH figures may be related to the differences in properties of applied organic fertilizers in tea plantations and of natural litterfall in woodlands. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。