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題 名 | 動物廢棄物堆肥化期間銅錳與鋅化學特性與溶出性變化之研究=Characterization and Leachability of Copper, Manganese, and Zinc during Composting of Animal Waste |
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作 者 | 許振宏; 駱尚廉; | 書刊名 | 臺東師院學報 |
卷 期 | 12(下) 民90.12 |
頁 次 | 頁37-58 |
分類號 | 434.231 |
關鍵詞 | 固液分離豬糞; 堆肥化; 腐植質; 重金屬; 溶出性; 生物有效性; 序列萃取; 化學型態; Separated swine manure solids; Composting; Humic substances; Heavy metal; Leachability; Bioavailability; Sequential extraction; Fractionation; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 由於飼料之添加,豬糞中常合有高量Cu、Mn與Zn。長期施放含高量Cu與Zn豬糞 堆肥於農地,會造成重金屬於土壤之累積。本研究主要探討堆肥化作用對固液分離豬糞渣 (separated swine manure solids, SSMS)中Cu、Mn與Zn化學特性之影響,以助於農地利用 ,減少對環境之危害。本研究以新并鮮SSMS進行堆肥化122天,期間採取10次樣品分析:灰 份、C/N比、Cu、Mn與Zn含量;並以序列萃取技術(sequential extraction)探討堆肥中Cu 、Mn與Zn之溶出性(leachability)、腐植化過程(humification)、化學型態(chemical fractionation)等特性。序列萃取將堆肥中之重全屬依溶解性大小依序分成水溶相、可交換 相、有機物錯合相、有機物結合相、固粒相、及殘渣相等六種化學型態。堆肥化過程,Cu、 Mn及Zn之水溶性量隨有機碳之溶解性於開始逐漸增加至第18天達最高值,然後逐漸降低直至 堆肥化結束。由於有機物之礦化,Cu、Mn及Zn含量於整個堆肥化期間增加為2.7倍。腐植酸 /黃酸(humic acid/fulvic acid; HA/FA)比值於堆肥化過程逐漸增加,則顯示有機物之腐 植化過程。堆肥化期間,Cu、Mn及Zn之化學型態分別主要分怖於有機物結合相、固粒相及有 機物錯合相,且不受堆肥齡及這些元素含量逐漸增加之影響。本研究亦顯示灰份、C/N 比、 HA/FA比、Cu、Mn與Zn含量變化均可做為堆肥化腐熟度之通用參數。 |
英文摘要 | This research was conducted to study the influence of composting on the concentration, water solubility, and chemical partitioning of Cu, Mn, Zn, and organic C in swine (Sus domesticus) feces. Composting of separated swine manure solids (SSMS) was performed in two piles for 122 days. The metal concentrations increased rapidly during the first 49 days and leveled off thereafter. All metal concentrations increased approximately 2.7 fold in the final compost due to decomposition of organic matter. A sequential extraction protocol was used to evaluate the humification process and partition metals into water-soluble, exchangeable, organically complexed, organically bound, solid particulate, and residual fractions. Temporal changes in the water-soluble fractions of Cu, Mn, and Zn were reflected by water-soluble organic C concentrations, which rapidly increased to a maximum at Day 18 and declined thereafter. An increase in the HA/FA (humic acid/fulvic acid) ratio in Na4P2O7 or NaOH extracts at various stages of composting represented the humification process. During composting, the major portions of Cu, Mn, and Zn were in the organically-bound, solid particulate, and organically-complexed fractions, respectively. Metal distributions in different chemical fractions were generally independent of composting age and, thus, independent of respective total metal concentrations in the composts. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。