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題 名 | 氣喘之診斷及臨床表徵=The Diagnosis and Clinical Manifestation of Asthma |
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作 者 | 彭萬誠; | 書刊名 | 國防醫學 |
卷 期 | 31:4 2000.10[民89.10] |
頁 次 | 頁272-278 |
專 輯 | 支氣管性氣喘專輯 |
分類號 | 415.425 |
關鍵詞 | 氣喘; 臨床表徵; 肺功能; Asthma; Clinical manifestation; Pulmonary function; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 氣喘為一臨床症候群,較為可接受的定義,係指一肺臟疾病,而具有下列三大特點:(1)可逆性的呼吸道阻塞,(2)氣道之發炎反應,(3)呼吸道對多種刺激物之反應性增加。其臨床表現則為反覆性陣發性的咳嗽、胸悶、呼吸急促和喘鳴。一般來說氣喘的診斷是被低估的。氣喘的診斷主要還是靠典型症狀的病史,及客觀上出現不同程度的氣流阻塞的變化,經由理學檢查以及實驗室檢查結果來判定。實驗室診斷主要靠肺功能檢查,皮慮敏感試驗或血清學之檢查。在某些病人可幫忙找出過敏原,但仔細詢問病史更可找出過敏原暴露及症狀之相關性。許多疾病需與氣喘做鑑別包括慢性阻塞性肺病,心臟衰竭,胃食道逆流疾病及聲帶功能失常等。 |
英文摘要 | Asthma has been defined as a lung disease with the following characteristics: (1)airway obstruction that is reversible, either spontaneously or with treatment; (2)airway inflammation; and (3)increased airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli. Asthma is a relatively underdiagnosed disorder. It is not uncommon for physicians to utilize a history of wheezing in conjunction with objective evidence of variabale airflow obstruction and response to a bronchodilator for making a asthma diagnosis. The use of laboratory studies in the diagnosis of asthma is largely restricted to pulmonary function studies. Skin testing and serology studies may also be useful in defining allergic triggers of asthmas in some patients. Clinical history often provide more clinical relevant information regarding the relation of symptoms and exposure. Many disorders constituted the differential diagnosis of asthma included COPD, congestive heart failure, gastroesophageal reflux and laryngeal dysfunction. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。