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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | Etiology of Alfalfa Blossom Blight Caused by Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum and Botrytis Cinerea=Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum 及 Botrytis Cinerea 所引起苜蓿花腐病之病原學研究 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 黃鴻章; | 書刊名 | 植物病理學會刊 |
卷期 | 9:1 2000.03[民89.03] |
頁次 | 頁11-16 |
分類號 | 435.13 |
關鍵詞 | 花腐病; 白黴病; 菌核病; 灰黴病; 苜蓿; 病原學; Blossom blight; Sclerotina sclerotiorum; White mold; Botrytis cinerea; Gray mold; Medicago sativa; Alfalfa; Lucerne; Etiology; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 苜蓿花腐病是加拿大西部苜蓿種子生產區的重要病害。田間調查發現是由Sclerotinia sclerotinorum或者Botrytis cinerea所引起。本研究旨在比較兩種病原菌在溫室環境下的相對重要性以及探討溫度與凋謝花瓣對病害發生的影響。實驗結果顯示,於開花期用牙籤將嫡系花粉與S. sclerotiorum或B. cinerea孢子混合物觸壓龍骨瓣或所謂解鉤法(tripping)接種每一小花,不但會造成每一形成的果莢之花柱(style)受到病原菌的侵染,而且引起很多小花不孕,導致果莢與種子形成的數目減少。在潮濕的環境下,花柱內的病原菌會蔓延到果莢,進而危害種子。如果花穗上沾有帶殘菌的花瓣,則果莢及種子受害的情形更加嚴重。實驗証明,在相同環境下S. sclerotiorum所造成的危害比B. cinerea為嚴重。本研究証實S. sclerotiorum及B. cinerea均可藉受粉過程而造成苜蓿花腐病,而且高濕、凋謝花瓣及果莢成熟度等是影響本病發生的重要因子。 |
英文摘要 | Blossom blight caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis-cinerea is an important disease of alfalfa in the forage seed production areas of western Canada. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the relative importance of these two pathogens in causing blossom blight of alfalfa, and the roles of humidity and floral parts in development of this disease. Tripping alfalfa florets with spores of S. sclerotiorum or B. cinerea not only caused infection of style, but also reduced pod formation and seed production. Under humid conditions, the pathogens grew from infected styles, spread rapidly onto pods, and infected seeds. The frequency of infected seeds was higher when humidity was applied at the mature pod stage than when applied at the young pod stage. The rate of seed infection was reduced in the absence of flower petals, suggesting that senescent petals play an important role in movement of the pathogens from infected styles to seeds. Losses in pod formation, seed yield and seed quality were more severe for S. sclerotiorum than for B. cinerea. Humidity, the presence of senescent petals, and the age of pods all affect the development of alfalfa blossom blight caused by S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。