頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | 古巴蠅之繁殖及其對甘蔗螟蟲防治之應用試驗=Experiments of Propagation and Application of Cuban Flies for Controlling Sugarcane Borers in Taiwan |
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| 作 者 | 陳金璧; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
| 卷 期 | 28 民48.12 |
| 頁 次 | 頁49-55 |
| 關鍵詞 | 古巴蠅; 甘蔗螟蟲; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 英文摘要 | The first introduction of Cuban fly into Taiwan was in November, 1955, but without success. After the failure during 1956-1957, a total of 2,800 Cuban fly pupae was purchased from Trinidad. The lots were separated for different shipments. With the experience of several unsuccessful shipments of pupae, the conditions for transportation were adjusted so as to avoid mortality and this enabled us to get a lot of 333 pupae in rather good condition, since the Cuban flies may be reared in the laboratory. Our laboratory record shows that for rearing one generation of Cuban fly it takes 25-28 days; prelaviposition 8-11 days, larval stage within the host 6-10 days, and pupal stage 8-13 days. The temperature indoors is between 28-29℃, and relative humidity is between 80-90%. The Cuban fly may be bred with five kinds of borers, but the Chilotraea infuscatella is especially adaptive, with which, those maggots after inoculation could produce pupae averaging 47.8% with average emergence of 89.6%.(7). Cuban flies also can be bred with grain moth larvae. The maggots after inoculation are able to pupate averaging 49.5%, with average emergence of 78.1-86.9% (7). The data are given in table 1. The pupae of same size were obtained by rearing either with grain moth larvae or borers. Sometimes, the adult Cuban flies do not mate readily in big wirescreen cages in which they are reared, but this may be improved by using small vials. By this method females have optimum pairing chances, repeat copulations and produce more maggots. Liberations in cane fields had been made from April, 1957 to January, 1958, and the total number of female Cuban flies was 413 which were released in five plantations, the substation of the Taiwan Sugar Experiment Station, Wantan Breeding Station, Pingtung Breeding Station, Chungland Station and Tinto Station. In November, 1957, one mature larva was obtained from a cane stalk in the field of the substation of Taiwan Surgar Experiment Station, and in January, 1958, one puparium was again of the same year, 1958, 370 mated Cuban flies were again liberated in the substation of Taiwan Sugar Experiment Station, Tinto Station, and Tharquthee Station. In the fall, 92 borers of Chilotraea infuscatella and 41 borers of Proceras venosatus were collected and examined in the substation, and 402 borers of Sesamia inferens were collocted and examined in Tharquthee Station, and the percentages of parasitism of 32.6%, 9.8%, and 11.4% were obtained respectively. In 1959 from April to October 2,192 mated Cuban flies were continually liberated in ten stations, and in October of the same year 1959, 11 parasitic borers were collected in two stations of the above ten stations, the substation of Taiwan Sugar Experiment Station and Fooshan Station. The results are summarized in table 3. According to the results, Cuban fly has proved itself to be able to parasitize the following three species of borers, Proceras venosatus, Chilotraea infuscatella and Sesamia inferens, and to establish in cane fields in Taiwan. In Taiwan, both young and maturing canes are raised in overlapping condition, and the temperature in winter never descends to 0℃, so Cuban flies should overwinter easily. Furthermore, it has been proved that grain moth larva may be used for rearing Cuban fly instead of its host borer. With this discovery, it will be easy to conduct artificial multiplication in an air-conditioned room with regulated temperature and humidity without being worried by the supply of host borer larvae. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。