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題名 | 臺灣水浸式糊仔甘蔗之探討=A Conclusive Study on Flooded Paddy Sugarcane in Taiwan |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張金宗; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 27 民48.09 |
頁次 | 頁63-74 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣; 水浸式糊仔甘蔗; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | Taiwan is a heavy populated island. The size of farm is especially small (average 1.25 ha. per farm). The only way for farmers to increase their farm income is to make intensive use of their land. The contracted farms of Taiwan Sugar Corporation are generally small in area. Hence, the paddy field in Taiwan is not used for growing rice only. Many other crops are interplanted with paddy rice, sugarcane is the most important one. The cane interplanted with the first cropping of paddy rice is called Spring Paddy Sugarcane, and that interplanted with the second cropping of rice is called Autumn Paddy Sugarcane. The cultivation methods of paddy sugarcane are undergoing constant improvement and may be exposed as (1) common paddy sugarcane, (2) high-beded paddy sugarcane, (3) low-beded paddy sugarcane, (4) bed-ditched paddy sugarcane, (5) flooded paddy sugarcane. Spring flooded Paddy sugarcane was discovered by Mr. JEAM-SHIAN CHANG in 1935 at Kaohsiung. Five-node top cuttings are employed for seeds. Two nodes of the cuttings are inserted into the soil with the upper end of the cutting exposed to the atmosphere. The sutting may be planted at any time, even at the same time while the rice being transplanted. No special bed or ditch is required. This method is simple and easy. It was applied to the autumn paddy sugarcane in 1955. Two-node cutting are inserted obliquely into the soil with one node below the soil and the other exposed to the atmosphere. It becomes an economical cultivation method of sugarcane interplanting with rice in Taiwan, because it decreases the cost of production. Many field experiments and research works on flooded paddy sugarcane have been conducted in the past years. The results may be summarized as follows: 1. The suitable time for interplanting cane in the rice field is not late about one month after the transplanting of rice. The tops of millable cane stalks can be used as seed for spring interplanting purpose, and 2-eye cutting may be used for fall interplanting. 2. The upper end of the seed pieces of cane must be planted out of water and it must be pressed down at the milking stage of rice grains. 3. 4-8 days irrigation of water and drainage of water 1-2 days before the next-irrigation in the interplanting-period of these two crops is better than that the field is full of water everyday for rice and sugarcane. 4. Pressing sideward the rice row beside the cane is very necessary for the tillering of the cane to develop properly in sunshine. After the pressing of the rice row then some ammonium sulfate must be applied. 5. After the harvest of rice, the rice stubbles would be plowed under with a cultivator drawn by buffalo which may prevent any damage by borers. Furrows are dug along side of the cane row about 60 cm wide, and then about 20,000 kg of compost and N 200 kg, P2O5 150 kg and K2O 150 kg of chemical fertilizers per hectare must be top dressed . Afterwards general procedures, such as tillage, irrigation, drainage and other operations are carried on in the same way as when the cane is planted alone. |
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