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題名 | 乙烯與蝴蝶蘭花朵寒害早謝之關係=Role of Ethylene in the Early Senescence of Chilling Injured Phalaenopsis Floret |
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作者 | 黃肇家; 王自存; 黃慧穗; Huang, Chao-chia; Wang, Tsu-tsuen; Huang, Hui-sui; |
期刊 | 中華農業研究 |
出版日期 | 19990900 |
卷期 | 48:3 1999.09[民88.09] |
頁次 | 頁84-100 |
分類號 | 435.432 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 蝴蝶蘭; 切花; 老化; 寒害; 乙烯; Phalaenopsis; Cut flower; Senescence; Chilling injury; Ethylene; |
中文摘要 | 蝴蝶蘭花以7℃貯放7日或10日後,於瓶插時會發生早謝之寒害現象。花朵在早謝之前會有明顯之烯生成,本研究在於探討寒害所產生的乙烯對於誘使花朵早謝之關係。用乙烯生成抑制劑氨基氧乙酸(AOA)讓花朵吸收,或於花朵冷藏後滴於蕊柱之孔穴,可抑制花朵乙烯之生成,也能使花朵早謝現象顯著的消減。花朵在冷藏後放於低壓下(0.2大氣壓)瓶插,也同樣的可減緩花朵老化。以乙烯作用抑制劑硫代硫酸銀(STS)於冷藏前預措,或以2.5正茨二烯(NBD)於冷藏後處理,均能有效的改善花朵於冷藏後的早謝現象。這些結果顯示乙烯可能與蝴蝶蘭花朵寒害早謝之現象有很大之關係。短時間外加乙烯處理會促使未寒害之正常蝴蝶蘭花朵快速老化,但是對於寒害之花朵,外加乙烯並不會使其原有之老化速率加快。短時間外加乙烯處理會使正常花朵老化時產生大量的乙烯,但是對於寒害花朵之乙烯生成影響不大。正常花朵經15℃貯藏後,蕊柱ACC含量並無改變,外加乙烯處理之後2日,花朵上蕊柱ACC之含量提高30倍。而寒害花朵於7℃冷藏後ACC含量提高7倍,再經外加乙烯處理只能再提高1.5倍。正常花朵和寒害花朵以ACC處理均會產生高量的乙烯,表示正常花朵和寒害花朵之ACC氧化酵素(ACO)功能並未因寒害所損傷。正常花朵和寒害花朵以STS在貯藏前預措,或以AOA在貯藏後滴於蕊柱處理,均能有效的抑制外加乙烯促使這些花朵產生乙烯以及早謝之作用。綜合這些結果可推測蝴蝶蘭花朵因寒害所引起的早謝和外加乙烯所促進之花朵老化可能由兩個不同之乙烯生成系統所調控;對於正常之花朵,外加乙烯促進花朵老化之作用需要花朵乙烯具有高敏感性以及對外加乙烯具有誘發自動催化乙烯生成兩個條件;但是對於寒害之花朵,因寒害所產生之少量內生乙烯是促使花朵早謝之主要因素,這種花朵對外加乙烯之敏感性以及外加乙烯誘發自動催化乙烯生成之能力均已因寒害而受到損傷喪失作用。 |
英文摘要 | Phalaenopsis florets after had been stored at 7℃ for or 10days exhibited early senescence as a symptom of chilling injury. Noticeable amount of ethylene production were observed ahead the onset of floret senescence. The role of ethylene in the chilling-induced early senescence of Phalaenopsis floret was studied. Dripping aminooxy acetic acid (AOA) into the cavity of column right after cold storage inhibited ethylene production and retarded the early senescence. Holding florets under 0.2 atmosphere after cold storage also delayed senescence. Both pulsing cut flower with silver thiosulfate (STS) before cold storage, and treating florets with 2,5-norborandiene (NBD) after cold storage were effective in slowing down the senescence rate these florets. These data indicated that ethylene might play an important role in the early senescence chilling injured Phalaenopsis floret. Short time exposure of exogenous ethylene induced rapid senescence in non-chilled Phalaenopsis florets, but didn't affect the senescence rate of chilled florets. Ethylene treatment also induced high amount of ethylene production in non-chilled florets but had very little effect on the ethylene production rate of chilled floret. The ACC content in the column of non-chilled floret was unchanged after storage but increased 30 fold after 2 days of ethylene treatment. The ACC content in the column of chilled floret increased 7 fold after cold storage but increased only 1.5 fold after ethylene treatment. High levels of ethylene production were observed in both non-chilled and chilled florets upon feeding with ACC, indicating the intactness of ACC oxidase(ACO) in both systems. Pulsing cut flowers with STS before cold storage, or dripping AOA onto floret column after cold storage effectively inhibited ethylene production and rapid senescence in those ethylene-treated non-chilled florets as well as in those chilled florets. It was suggested that these two ethylene-related senescence processes were regulated through two different ethylene biosynthesis. In non-chilled florets, both ethylene sensing and ethylene induced autocatalytic ethylene production were required for the ethylene-induced senescence. But in chilled florets, chilling induced endogenous ethylene synthesis was responsible for floret senescence and the ethylene sensing and the autocatalytic ethylene production system were damaged after chilling treatment. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。