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題 名 | 女性參政者之角色扮演與政策議題--以一九九八年立法委員選舉為例 |
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作 者 | 唐文慧; 王怡君; | 書刊名 | 國立政治大學社會學報 |
卷 期 | 29 1999.10[民88.10] |
頁 次 | 頁75-116 |
分類號 | 572.32 |
關鍵詞 | 候選人; 女性參政; 立法委員選舉; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 近年來,由於性別化政體的變革,臺灣女性的政治空間也隨著逐漸增大。在這一 擴大的過程中,女性參選者在選舉過程中,多半必須面對下列的兩個問題:一、如何適當連 結「女性」與「參政者」的角色;二、如何推出婦女相關政策,以符合選民的期待,提高當 選機率。對於這兩個問題的理解,將決定我們如何詮釋近代臺灣性別化政體的變革,以及臺 灣婦女政治參與的情形。本文即從女性在參與選舉過程中呈現的性別角色扮演,與所提出的 婦女相關政策議題為主,展開對這兩個問題互動關係的深入研究,以期對臺灣女性參政的研 究有所貢獻。本論文的研究對象為一九九八年第四屆女性立法委員候選人。由研究中得知, 女性候選人在競舉過程中,自我概念的形成與性別角色的扮演,相當程度受到選區結構、政 黨特性與選民期待三方面的影響。就選區結構而言,婦女保障名額制度會造成女性候選人相 互對立的現象。而沒有婦女保障名額的地區,女性參選的空間卻又相當被排擠與壓縮。以政 黨特性來說,女性候選人的提名率各黨皆偏低,然而婦女一日受到提名,其當選率卻極高。 最特別的是,研究顯示女性候選人在競選過程中,並不一定會特別凸顯其「女性」角色。然 而,由於一般選民對女性候選人的角色期待,傳統上仍然包含了「女性」與「立法委員」兩 種身分,這也使得候選人在選舉過程中,不得不採取適當的「女性角色」扮演的策略,並提 出相關的政策訴求。本文研究的結果也顯示,在選舉過程中,女性角色的凸顯與婦女議題的 提出,對女性候選人的性別角色認同、以及當選後推動婦女政策落實的意願,都有相當程度 的影響。而且,女性候選人也已逐漸脫離過去傳統女性參政的管道與類型,呈現更為多元的 面貌。總而言之,本研究結果正顯示了臺灣女性參政過程的主題性經驗,正在逐漸開展中。 |
英文摘要 | In recent years, the political arena for females in Taiwan has gradually expanded as a result of changes in gender politics. In the expansion process, female participants in politics must encounter two major issues, namely, how to make connections between the roles of gender and politics, and how to implement women's policies to meet the expectation of the electors from female participation in political elections. The understanding of the two issues determines how we interpret changes in gender politics and female political participation in recent Taiwan. This paper is set to launch an in-depth study of the two issues in terms of gender role identification and policy proposals presented by females during the elections. It is hoped that this paper can contribute itself to studies concerning female political participation in Taiwan. The female candidates for the ROC Fourth Legislative Yuan election in 1998 have been chosen as the subjects. According to this study, electoral districts, political parties, and electors have significant influence on the self-role identification of female candidates. On the factor of electoral districts, the female quota guaranteed system results in a division of female roles. Female candidacy finds no ground in an electoral district without any quota guaranteed for women. As to political parties, the percentage of female candidates nominated is comparatively low, while their likelihood of getting elected is very high. It is particularly noteworthy that a nominated female candidate would not necessarily take the factor of gender into special consideration during her election campaign. However, the electors would expect a female candidate to play the roles of both a lawmaker and a woman. It motivates a female candidate to use gender as a variable in her campaign strategies. This study indicates that the highlight of female gender role and the proposals of women issues in the election process have considerable influence on the gender role identification of female candidates and the willingness of the elected to implement women policies. Moreover, female candidates have gradually moved away from the traditional channel and category for female politics, reflecting their multiplicity in political participation. The aforementioned further indicate that the female subject experience in political participation has been gradually expanded. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。