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題名 | Is There Current Competition between Sympatric Siberian Weasels (Mustela sibirica) and Ferret Badgers (Melogale moschata) in a Subtropical Forest Ecosystem of Taiwan﹖=臺灣亞熱帶森林生態系共域之華南鼬與鼬獾間之競爭關係 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 吳海音; | 書刊名 | 動物研究學刊 |
卷期 | 38:4 1999.10[民88.10] |
頁次 | 頁443-451 |
分類號 | 389.815 |
關鍵詞 | 種間競爭; 食性; 棲地分隔; 華南鼬; 鼬獾; Interspecific competition; Diet; Habitat segregation; Siberian weasel; Ferret badger; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 擅捕鼠類的華南鼬,在小型哺乳動物相貧乏的關刀溪森林生態系中,可能會改變食性,而與共域的鼬獾相互競爭。為探討兩種食肉目動物間的競爭關係,我於1995年五月至1998年八月間,以排遺分析與捕捉標放法,分析關刀溪森林中華南鼬與鼬獾的食性與分布,並引用文獻中異域族群的食性資料進行比較。一如所期,此地區的華南鼬以節肢動物及食蟲目為主食,與高山草原區華南鼬的食性有所差異;而鼬獾的食性則與福山地區相似,皆仰賴節肢動物與蚯蚓。共域之華南鼬與鼬獾間食性的重疊度高,然兩者食性中脊椎動物、節肢動物與蚯蚓之出現頻度的分布有顯者差異。雖然兩者皆捕食節肢動物,但取用的動物類別並不相同,這可能與其覓食行為有關。1995年五月至十一月的前期捕捉資料顯示,華南鼬與鼬獾在棲地使用上有所分隔,其後的捕捉資料亦證實此一現象。在棲地類型各異的A、B與C三區中,華南鼬多見於A區,B區次之;鼬獾則在B及C區較多,從未見於A區。1996年春天,研究區的動物遭獵人捕殺,提供了檢視種間競爭與棲地分隔間關係的機會。獵捕期之後,區內鼬獾幾告絕跡,但仍可捕獲新加入的華南鼬,且其在三區的分布,並未因鼬獾的失蹤而改變。此結果顯示關刀溪森林生態系中的華南鼬與鼬獾在棲地喜好、食性與覓食行為上的差異,使兩者可共存於此,而無競爭關係。 |
英文摘要 | The Siberian weasels (Mustela sibirica) and ferret badgers (Melogale moschata) sympatric in the Guandaushi Forest are of particular interest because, with low density of rodent prey most of the time, weasels in this area perhaps adapt their diets and may compete with ferret badgers. Dietary and spatial relationships between the 2 carnivores were studied by scat analysis and capture-and-recapture rates from March 1995 to August 1998. Diets of allopatric populations reported by others are referenced for comparison. As expected, by switching to arthropod prey and shrews, weasels in Guandaushi Forest consumed food items different from weasels in alpine grasslands. Ferret badgers in Guandaushi and Fushan forests consumed similar diets. The dietary overlap between the sympatric weasels and ferret badgers was substantial; however, the occurrence frequencies of vertebrates, arthropods, and earthworms in their diets differed significantly. The major groups of arthropod prey of the 2 species differed; this might be related to their foraging behaviors. Results from preliminary trapping (March to November 1995) suggested that habitat segregation exists between weasels and ferret badgers in the 3 regions (A-C) which differ in habitat types. This pattern was confirmed in the main study period. More weasels were captured in region A than in the other regions, while a reversed pattern was observed for ferret badgers. Intensive human hunting in the spring of 1996 removed most of the marked animals. This provided an opportunity to examine the significance of current competition on the observed patterns of habitat segregation. Ferret badgers were almost eliminated after the period of hunting. The occurrence of weasels was not influenced by hunting, or by the disappearance of ferret badgers. This suggests that there is no evidence for current competition between weasels and ferret badgers, and coexistence is achieved by the differences in habitat preference, diet, and foraging behaviors of the 2 species.. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。