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題名 | 重型引擎行車型態污染檢測變異度之探討=Variability of Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Emissions for Transient Test Methods |
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作者姓名(中文) | 陳中邦; 林坤海; 江榮烈; | 書刊名 | 石油季刊 |
卷期 | 35:4 1999.12[民88.12] |
頁次 | 頁35-41 |
分類號 | 445.63 |
關鍵詞 | 暫態循環測試程序; 重型柴油引擎; 粒狀污染物; 變異度; Heavy-duty diesel engine; Particulate emission; Variability; Transient cycle; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 行政院環保署自民國82年開始實施柴油車二期排放管制標準以來,國內所有重型 柴油引擎依「暫態循環測試程序」(Transient Cycle Test)所排放的一氧化碳(CO)、碳氫化 合物(HC)、氮氧化合物(NOx)及粒狀污染物(PM)均須符合一定排放上限始可進行製造及販售。 暫態循環測試程序源自美國聯邦法規(CFR4O, Part86, Subpart N),其中對於測試儀器 的原理、精度及取樣條件、環境控制等均有詳細規範;不過柴油引擎本身在燃燒排放上即具有 一定程度的不確定性,加上經過繁複的取樣分析程序,再考量污染物因環境變化造成蒸發或 凝結等現象影響,因此,經暫態循環測試後所得到結果的可信賴程度,對一個法定的檢驗流 程而言是值得研究的議題。 本文針對國內外重型柴油引擎污染實驗室相關性比對測試數據進行比較探討,結果顯示: 重型柴油引擎排氣行車型態檢驗結果之變異度遠較輕型車為高,其中尤其以HC及PM兩項最 為顯著。未來除非CFR法規在重型柴油引擎排氣行車型態測試取樣程序、儀器設備準確度及 測試環境控制之要求上更趨嚴格,要求實驗室間粒狀污染物之取樣變異度維持在現行排放標 準的30%以內幾乎是不可能的。 |
英文摘要 | The sensitivity of measured particulate mass to dilution parameters , engine produced variation, and the large flow rates of heavy-duty diesel (HDD) engines make the task of sampling HDD transient test emissions more difficult than the others. Inter-laboratory comparisons showed that greater measurement variability existed for heavy-duty engines than for light-duty engines. Compared to light-duty engine variability, the 1.96 C.V. variabilities of heavy-duty engine data are greater by a factor of two or more for hot-start tests, and considerbly more for cold-start tests. The coefficients of variation obtained for the oxides of nitrogen measurements were significantly less than those obtained for the particulate measurements. On the other hand, the hydrocarbon variabilities were similar to those obtained for the particulate measurements, which consistent with other published data. Comparisons of variances and the Taiwan phase III HDD exhaust emission regulations indicated that hydrocarbon and particulate variabilities were 62% & 43%, respectively, for the recent JAMA cross-check program, using a Mitsubishi-6D14 engine, which suggests that hydrocarbon and particulate sampling control presents a significant challenge. |
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