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題名 | Human Capital and Dynamic Wage Structure--Evidence from Taiwanese Labor Market=人力資本與動態工資結構--臺灣勞動市場的研究 |
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作者 | 許振明; 陳建良; | 書刊名 | 暨大學報 |
卷期 | 3:2 1999.07[民88.07] |
頁次 | 頁129-181 |
分類號 | 542.71 |
關鍵詞 | 人力資本; 工資結構; Human capital; Wage structure; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 在現代的勞動市場分析中,人力資本理論扮演了核心的角色。因為勞動力的品質 與數量是互為因果的,透過對於人口組成變化與人力資本成長相互關係的觀察,可以幫助我 們了解經濟發展的過程中,勞動市場的轉化與演變。台灣過去的快速經濟成長,同時帶來了 劇烈的社會、人口與經濟變動,特別是逐年遞減的出生率與全面提升的教育水準,這個過程 伴隨著年齡分佈與教育組成的變化,將會對勞動市場帶來顯著的影響。 本研究主要的目的,是觀察台灣在經濟發展的過程中,因為社會人口特性的變化,透過 人力資本累積,對工資結構所造成的影響。由於工資是由勞動品質的供給與需求所共同決定, 我們分析的重點就在於工資結構的變化,及其與人力資本分佈的演進二者間的互動關係。 利用行政院主計處1987年至1996年的人力運用調查原始磁帶資料,我們發現台灣勞動 市場過去二十年來的工資率結構,在非常穩定而且均等的情形下,快速上升。自1978年到 1996年之間,介於十分位與九十分位之間的實質每小時工資,平均上升了將近百分之一百八 十。我們把工資上升的原因加以分解,發現這段期間工資上升的主因是教育水準與工作經驗 的報酬率大幅增加,造成各不同技術水準下的工資率一致提升。 |
英文摘要 | In modem labor market analysis, human capital theory plays a crucial role because labor quality and quantity interact with each other. The reciprocal relationship between demographic transition and growth in human capital is the evolution of the labor market during the process of the development. Rapid economic growth in Taiwan brings about tremendous social and economic change, such as decreased fertility rate and advanced educational levels. This demographic transition, accompanied by changing age and educational distribution, have substantial impact on the labor market. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the consequences of socio-demographic change resulting from economic development, and to investigate how such change interacts with the wage structure of the labor market in relation to increased human capital investment. We focus on the analysis of the evolution of the wage structure in this study since wage is determined by supply and demand. Using the Manpower Survey of DGBAS from 1987 to 1996, we documented the rapid wage increase, which was of amazing consistency, over the past two decades. Between 1978 and 1996, the real average hourly wages, as defined by wage distribution between the tenth and ninetieth percentiles, had risen by about 180%. We analysis the sources of the wage increase, and found that the reasons causing change in wage pattern varied; surprisingly, various factors resulted in a consistently increasing wage pattern through overall skill levels. We concluded that wage increase from 1978 to 1993, was mainly due to the systematic rise in return from education and experience. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。