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題 名 | 上流厭氣污泥氈反應槽中之污泥顆粒=Granular Sludge in Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors |
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作 者 | 徐瑞堂; | 書刊名 | 聯合學報 |
卷 期 | 16 1999.01[民88.01] |
頁 次 | 頁133-142 |
分類號 | 445.463 |
關鍵詞 | 上流厭氣污泥氈反應槽; 顆粒化; 污泥形成; 甲烷生成菌; Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors; Granulation; Sludge formation; Methanogen bacteria; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文討論UASB中固定化(immobilized)之厭氣細菌及顆粒形成的機構。污泥顆 粒的形成是 UASB 操作成功與否的關鍵所在。判定顆粒形成與否的條件是基於污泥的密度及 直徑。污泥顆粒的形狀及成份變化很大。典型的顆粒為球形,直徑從至 0.14 至 5mm。依廢 水成份等的差異,無機礦物佔顆粒乾重的 10 至 90%。灰份的主要成份為鈣、鉀及鐵。在污 泥顆粒中的外細胞( extracellular )高分子對顆粒的結構及保持很重要, 而無機成份似 乎較不重要。 外細胞高份子佔揮發性懸浮固體的 0.6 至 20%,主要包含蛋白質及多醣類。 Methanosaeta spp. (以前稱為 Methanothrix )及 Methanosarcina spp. 為醋分裂甲烷 生戌菌( aceticlastic methanogens ),已經證實對污泥顆粒的形成及發展很重要。除了 Methanosaeta spp. 及 Methanosarcina spp. 外顆粒亦含有利用氫及甲酸鹽的細菌, 如 Methanobacterium formicium, Methanobacterium thermoa utotrophicum, and Methanobravibacter spp. 顆粒中常發現共營菌( syntrophic bacteria )之小菌落, 靠 種間氫的轉移( interspecies hydrogen transfer ),在這些小菌落中相當量的電子在轉 移。顆粒中菌種的組織依廢水成份及顆粒中主要代謝途徑( metabolic pathways )而定。 顆粒內菌種的組織是根據分解廢水所需之最佳情況安排。以四階段模型來說明污泥顆粒最初 的發展。 |
英文摘要 | Granular sludge in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors is described, concentrating in the microbiology of immobilized anaerobic bacteria and the mechanism of granule formation. the formation of granule sludge is the key factor for successful operation of the UASB reactors. Granular sludge formation is based on the densities and diameters of the granular sludge. The shape and composition of granular sludge can vary significantly. Typical granules have the spherical form with the diameter from 0.14 to 5 mm. The inorganic comtent varies from 10 to 90% of the dry weigt of the granules. The main inorganic elements are calcium, potassium, and iron. The extracellular polymers in the granular sludge are important for the structure of granules, while the inorganic content seems to be less important. The extracellular polymer content varies from 0.6 to 20% of the volatile suspended solids and consists of mainly proteins and polysaccharides. Microcoloies of syntrophic bacteria are often observed in the granules. The electron transfer in these microcolonies occurs through interspecies hydrogen transfer. A four step model is suggested for the formation and development of granular sludge. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。