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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 藥劑對條背土蝗之化學防治=Chemical Control of Locust (Patanga succincta L.) |
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作者 | 蔡金池; 張明郎; 韓青梅; | 書刊名 | 高雄區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷期 | 9:2 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁次 | 頁34-45 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
關鍵詞 | 殺蟲劑; 條背土蝗; 蝗蝻; Chemical control; Locust; Nymph of locust; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 條背土蝗(Patanga succincta L.)為澎湖多年來普遍發生的害蟲,可危害多種園藝、雜作、牧草等作物,對瓜類、玉米、落花生之危害尤為嚴重,常造成極大損失。有鑑於目前並無適當之防治藥劑可推薦給農民使用,省農林廳責由本分場執行藥劑防治之篩選。本試驗分為室內藥效測試及田間防治兩部份,室內測試選用11種殺蟲劑,依胃毒、接觸毒及胃毒加接觸毒三種處理方式進行測試。測試結果顯示,對成蟲防治效果達100%殺蟲率者在接觸毒處理有2.8% Bifenthrin E.C. 及2.8% Deltamethrin E.C.1000倍等二種;在胃毒加接觸毒方式測試之處理有2.8% Bifenthrin E.C. 1000、1500、2000倍、2.8% Deltamethrin E.C.1000倍及24% Methomyl E.C. 800倍等五種處理。對蝗蝻殺蟲率達100%者在接觸毒之處理有2.8% Deltamethrin E.C.1000、1500、2000倍、85% Carbaryl W.P. 1000、1500、2000倍、50% Malathion E.C.1000、1500、2000倍、50% CartapW.P.1000倍、20% Fenvalerate W.P.2000、3000、4000倍、43%Profenofos E.C.1000、1500倍、40.8% Chlorpyrifos E.C. 800、1000、1500、2000倍等十九種,在胃毒加接觸毒處理,除與接觸毒相同之處理外,尚包括2.8% Bifenthrin E.C.1000、1500、2000倍、50% Fenitrothion E.C.1000倍、50% Cartap W.P.1500倍、2.8% Cyhalothrin E.C.1000倍及43% Profenofos E.C.2000倍等七種處理,本試驗顯示藥劑對蝗蝻之防治效果高於成蟲。因此防治蝗蟲應於蝗蝻期施藥,且應將藥劑直接噴灑在蟲體上才有較佳效果。經選擇室內藥效較佳之四種藥劑,參與澎湖縣白沙鄉及西嶼鄉二地進行田間防治試驗,於蝗蝻發生初期施藥一次,防治結果顯示:2.8% Deltamethrin E.C.2000倍最佳,但其殘效性較差;而50% Carbaryl W.P.1000倍及50% Fenitrothion E.C.1500倍之初效及殘效皆有頗佳表現,均可推薦給農民在田間防治使用。 |
英文摘要 | Locust (Patanga succincta L.) has existed in Penghu areas for a long time and the big outbreaks of the locust appeared once every 15 –18 years . It infected many crops such as horticulture, pasture and dryland crops, especially to the crop of melon, maize and peanut and caused a tremendous yield losses. At present, there are no recommended chemicals for controlling this insect pest. In order to solve this problem, Penghu branch station of Kaohsiung. D.A.I.S. conducted this experiment in 1997. This experiment was divided into indoor and field tests. Eleven chemicals were selected for indoor tests. All of tested chemicals are diluted to 1000x、1500x、2000x, besides, 24% Methomyl E.C. and 40.8% Chlorpyrifos E.C. were added one dilution of 800X. Stomach poison, contact poison and combination of stomach with contact poinson were tested in indoor test. The results indicated that 5 treatments including 2.8%Bifenthrin E.C. 1000x、1500x、2000x, 2.8%Deltamethrin E.C.1000x, and 24% Methomyl E.C.800x of stomach with contact poison treatment; 2.8%Bifenthrin E.C.1000x, 2.8% Deltamethrin E.C.1000x with contact poison, had 100% control rate when adults were tested. 19 treatments such as 2.8% Deltamethrin E.C.1000x、1500x、2000x、85% Carbaryl W.P. 1000x、1500x、2000x, 50% Malathion E.C. 1000x、1500x、2000x,50% Cartap W.P. 1000x,20% Fenvalerate W.P. 2000x、3000x、4000x,43% Profenosfos E.C.1000x、1500x, and 40.8% Chlorpyrifos E.C.800x、1000x、1500x 、2000x had good contact poison against nymph locust. For stomach and contact poison combination treatment test, 26 treatments including 2.8% Bifenthrin E.C.1000x、1500x、2000x, 50% Fenitrothion E.C.1000x, 50% Cartap W.P. 1500x, 2.8% Cyhalothrin E.C.1000x, 43% Profenofos E.C.2000x and 19 treatments of contact poison chemicals as mentioned above are effective against nymph. It indicated that the chemicals are more effective for nymph than adult, therefore, chemical should be applied when the nymph appeared in the fields. Four treatments selected from indoor test were applied for control of the locust in the fields at Pai-sha and Shi-teu, when initial nymph appeared. The results showed that 2.8% Deltamethrin E.C.2000x had the best effect with shortest residue, while 50% Carbaryl W.P.1000x and 50% Fenitrothin E. C.1500x were good both for initial nd residual effect. |
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