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題 名 | The Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Potential of the Pre-Miocene Strata in the A & C Blocks, Off-shore Tai-Hsie, Taiwan=臺西外海A及C地區先中新統油氣潛能綜合評估 |
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作 者 | 林國安; 傅式齊; 吳榮章; 楊耿明; 黃旭燦; 梁守謙; 吳素慧; | 書刊名 | 臺灣石油地質 |
卷 期 | 32 1998.12[民87.12] |
頁 次 | 頁33-68 |
分類號 | 457.2 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣; 臺西外海; A地區; C地區; 先中新統; 油氣潛能評估; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文整合井下地質分析、震測解釋及地化分析等,研究臺西外海A、C及附近地區 先中新統其構造模式、震測層序、盆地演化,並分析其震測相與古沉積環境、配合地化分析 ,由定性進而定量綜合探討本區先申新統之油氣潛能,提供附近油氣探勘重要參考。 於研究地區整合井下岩性分析、合成震波處理等進行震測資料解釋將本區先中析統研究 主要釐訂出5個震測層序(El至E5)及6個層序界面,俾瞭解盆地演化以應用於油氣潛能評估。 在構造解析結果,A地區大致由東北東一西南西及東北北一西南南兩組正斷層交會形成 菱形凹陷形貌。其斷層面滑移量估算從西南端往東北遞減而後再漸增,顯示A地區早期兩組 不同正斷層同時發育並交會,構成兩個次凹陷,而其正斷層活動大多集申於東北北一西南南 走向斷層線,形成同張裂期之厚沉積物,至止斷層近乎停止後,改以向東北方向增加下沉量 之機制繳續發育。且經由盆地伸張量計算分析, A地區地殼伸張量不完全是正斷層活動所引 起之斷塊施轉所致,後張裂期下沉歷史指示在正斷層活動前本區可能已有過另一次張裂活動 。 而在 A-1-A-5-C-2 井岩心鑑定分析中發現在先中新統古環境變化大,除了以湖泊相為主 的沉積體系外,並間夾有海相及近岸相之古沉積環境。 藉由地球化學分析,確定本區最佳生油岩位於E3層序地層,其除位於不整合面下靠近E3 頂部附近之生油岩有機富集度較差,為少量級或貧乏級外,其餘俱顯示優良級至極優良級且 已達油窗範圍,油母質類型以產油為主,部份帶產氣,屬本區最佳生油岩。並追蹤於震測剖 面上,圈出本區較佳生油岩之深度、位置及範圍,提供本區計算油氣生成量及蘊藏量之定量 評估。 構造及地層聯合封閉為 A 地區中油氣聚集之主要封閉型態。由於古地形之高低起低, 儲集岩特性變化大,連續性差,且其構告形貌常異於層序界面不整合面,盆地內油氣探勤目 標勢必不能僅以層序界面之構造形貌為考量,而需追蹤個別層序內儲集砂岩層之分佈及構造 形貌。 層序 E3 內之 E3-2 為 A-3 井鑽獲重油之 3515 至 3533 米砂岩反射層之構造與地 層聯合封閉, 其構造最高區在 A-3 井南方約三公里,圈合面積約 8 平方公里。 E3-4 亦為 構造與地層聯合封閉,面積約 6 平方公里。 層序 E4 中之 E4-1 為構造與地層聯合封閉, 分佈面積亦約 6 平方公里。 綜合而言,臺西外海先中新統以 A 地區最具生油潛能,以區域內 E3 層序地層選擇良好生 油岩雙程走時厚度300msec等厚度分佈範圍估算,原油原始蘊藏量約一百萬桶,而其南達構 造與地層之聯合封閉其油氣聚集潛能亦不容忽視。 |
英文摘要 | This study combined the geologic analysis data from well logging, seismic data and geochemical analysis data to figure out the structure type, seismic sequence and basin evolution of the Pre-Miocene strata in the A and C blocks of Tai-Hsie Basin off-shore Taiwan. The study also input efforts into understanding the seismic facies and the paleo-environment. This, along with the geochemical analysis, consequently enables the discussion of the hydrocarbon potential of the Pre-Miocene strata in the area to be generated both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results will then provide important information to the exploration of the area. Five seismic sequences (EI-E5) and six interfacial layers were defined in the Pre-Miocene strata of the area and that is used throughout the entire integration and interpretation of the rock analysis data and the seismic process data. By doing this, more understanding of the basin evolution can be gained and the knowledge can subsequently be applied to the hydrocarbon potential evaluation. As far as the structural analysis is concerned, the A block is, in general, formed by the north-east-east-south-west-west and north-east-north-south-west- south, two sets of normal faults and exhibits a rhombus trough. The displacement of the fault estimated is gradually decreasing from the south-west end towards north-east and then increasing again, indicating that the two sets of normal faults developed at the same period and crossed over in the early stage, which formed the two minor troughs. The normal faulting activities mostly concentrated on the set of faults trending north-north-east-south-south-west, resulting in a thick layer of sediments. When the faulting was about to stop, the subsiding mechanism took place and continued to develop as heading to the north-west direction. According to the basin rifting analysis, the rift of the Earth crust in the A area is not entirely caused by the spinning of the fault blocks resulting from the normal faulting activities. The subsidence that occurred at the late stage of the rifting period indicates that there might be another rifting prior to the normal faulting activities in this area. Having thoroughly examined the cores recovered from A-1, A-5 and C-2 wells, it has been found that the paleo-environment varies considerably within the Pre-Miocene strata. Other than the lacustrine facies, which forms the main part of the sedimentary system, oceanic facies and coastal facie were also recognized. From the geochemical analysis data, the best source rock is the E3 sequence strata. The organic richness index of E3 sequence exhibits the grade of "good" or "excellent" and falls in the "oil window" range, which generate mainly oil with some gas, except the part that is at the top of E3 near the unconformity where the grade of organic richness is "poor". The best source rocks of this area have been identified on the seismic section diagram with the depth, location and extent marked, which help to calculate the amount of oil and gas generation and to estimate the total reserve. The structures and the strata form the primary trapping system for oil and gas accumulation in the A block. High relief of the paleo-landscape resulted in that the characteristics of reservoir rock vary significantly and are lack of continuity. The shape of structures does not often agree with the shape of the interfacial unconformity between two sequences. Therefore, to figure out the structures and distribution of reservoir rocks in each individual sequence appears to be more important when exploring in the basin. E3-2 is a sandstone structure-stratum trap, exists in the E3 sequence, with a depth ranging from 3515 to 3533 m where heavy oil was recovered from A-3 well. The structural high is about 3 Km south of the A-3 well. The area of the trap is some 8 Km ��. E3-4 is also a structure-stratum trap with an area of some 6 Km ��. The E4-1 structure-stratum trap ofE4 sequence has an area of about 6 Km ��. Generally speaking, the A block of Pre-Miocene strata is the area with the best hydrocarbon potential in the off-shore, Tai-Hsie. The Original Oil In Place (OOIP) is estimated using the two way travel time thickness of 3 00 msec of the carefully selected good source rocks to be 1000,000 barrels in the E3 sequence. Also, the hydrocarbon potential of the structure- stratum trap in the south should not be ignored. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。