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題 名 | 福山試驗林硫酸根與無機氮沉降之探討=Sulfate and Inorganic Nitrogen Deposition at Fushan Experimental Forest |
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作 者 | 林登秋; 金恆鑣; 夏禹九; 王立志; | 書刊名 | 中華林學季刊 |
卷 期 | 31:2=121 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁 次 | 頁153-164 |
分類號 | 436.12 |
關鍵詞 | 濕沉降; 乾沉降; 迴歸分析; 海鹽飛沫; Wet deposition; Dry deposition; Regression analysis; Sea salt aerosol; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗探討1994至1996年之間福山試驗林硫酸根與無機氮(銨根態及硝酸根態) 的沉降。三者(SO□-S, NH□-N, NO□-N)每年經由雨水的沉降量分別在18.6到26.4 kg/ha、6.8 到17.0kg/ha及4.4到7.4 kg/ha之間,福山試驗林硫及無機氮的沉降量已超過許多模式所估 算的容受極限值。若硫及無機氮的沉降量不減,此試驗林是否能維持健康值得進一步監測研 究。本研究以氯比例法估算乾沉降量,結果顯示1994、1995及1996年的乾沉降量,分別佔 該年總沉降量的11.5%、35.2%及22.5%。此值遠低於許多溫帶研究的結果,因雨水對於大 氣中物質的攔截效率相當高,而福山地區年降雨日高達220天以上,故乾沉降的重要性相對 降低。迴歸分析發現,硫酸根及硝酸根的沉降有密切的關係,此與其主要來源皆為人類工業 活動有關。而銨根與硫酸根的關係不若硝酸根與硫酸根的關係密切,這應是因為銨根的重要 來源為農業活動中所使用的含銨肥料。對於硫酸根而言,加入氯能有效的提升其迴歸係數, 而對硝酸根及銨根而言則無此現象。因海鹽飛沫為氯的最主要來源,此一現象說明除了人類 工業活動外,海鹽飛沫亦為硫酸根之重要來源。 |
英文摘要 | We examined the deposition of sulfate and inorganic nitrogen (ammonium and nirate) at the Fushan Experimental Forest from 1994 to 1996. Annual deposition of SO□-S, NH□-N, NO□- N through precipitation ranged between 18.6-26.4 kg/ha, 6.8-17.0 kg/ha, and 4.4-7.4 kg/ha, respectively. The heavy loading of sulfate and inorganic N is higher than the critical load estimated by several models. As a result further studies are necessary to address the health of Fushan Experimental Forest under such high N and S deposition. The contribution of dry deposition to total deposition of sulfate and inorganic N, estimated by Cl-ration method, was 11.5%, 35.2% and 22.5% in 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. These ratios are low compared to those of many temperate forest ecosystems. Because rainfall could effectively scavenge materials in the atmosphere, the frequent rainfall at Fushan reduced the contribution of dry deposition. Regression analysis indicated a close relationship between sulfate and nitrate deposition but less so between sulfate and ammonium. The high correlation between sulfate and nitrate deposition could be explained by their common origin from industrial activities. Because ammonium comes mainly from fertilizer, its relationship with sulfate is less significant. Adding chloride to the regression analysis significantly improved the coefficient of determination in the prediction of sulfate deposition. Because chloride comes mainly from sea salt aerosols, its close relationship with sulfate suggests that sea salt aerosols are important sources of sulfate deposition. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。