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題名 | The Effects of Bioagent-Amended Potting Medium to Control Rhizoctonia Solani, Phytophthora Capsici and Pythium Aphanidermatum for Cultivating Healthy Horticultural Crops=改良型栽培介質培育健康園藝作物與防治土媒植物病原的功效 |
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作者 | 吳文希; Wu, Wen-shi; |
期刊 | 植物病理學會刊 |
出版日期 | 19980300 |
卷期 | 7:1 1998.03[民87.03] |
頁次 | 頁54-65 |
分類號 | 435 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 栽培介質; 有機農業; 蔬菜作物; 花卉作物; 生物防治; Container medium; Organic farming; Vegetables; Flower crops; Biocontrol; Rhizoctonia solani; Phytophthora capsici; Pythium aphanidermatum; |
中文摘要 | 從醱酵豬糞堆肥中分離之特定拮抗菌,分別添加於由泥炭土、石及醱酵豬糞所組 成的栽培介質中;添加的拮抗菌有 Bacillus subtilis WK、Trichoderma harzianam 136、 T. koningii 98、Penicillium citrinum 及 P. oxalicum。 自含有 T. harzianum 136 的 栽培介質中所培育出之甜椒、番茄、胡瓜、觀賞辣椒、百日草、姬向日葵、波斯菊或非洲鳳 仙幼苗, 於移植到含有 Rhizoctonia solani、 Phytophthora capsici 或 Pythium aphanidermatum 的栽培介質中, 這些作物的存活率和健康對照組者無顯著性地( p=.005 )差異,而且在栽培介質中含有 T. harzianum 136 所培育出之甜椒、番茄、胡瓜、百日草 、姬向日葵及波斯菊幼苗, 移植到含有 R. solani 的介質中後,生長所得的乾重量顯著地 ( p=0.05 )比健康對照組好;在含有 T. harzianum 136 栽培介質中所培育出之觀賞辣椒 、百日草及非洲鳳仙幼苗, 於移植到含有 P. aphanidermatum 的介質中後,其生長所得的 乾重量顯著地( p=0.05 )比健康對照組好。 添加拮抗菌的栽培介質中的微生物水解 Fluorescein diacetate 活性及族群數,皆比商品化之栽培介質( BVB #4 )者高;若將添 加拮抗菌的栽培介質以高溫高壓殺菌處理後, 所培育出之胡瓜幼苗, 於移植到含有 R. solani 或 P. capsici 之介質中後,其存活率及病害嚴重度均如同無防治之對照組般。 |
英文摘要 | Specific antagonistic microorganism which was isolated from composted swine manure was added in the potting medium when needed. Potting medium mainly consisted of peat, vermiculite and composted swine manure. These antagonistc microorganisms used in this study were Bacillus subtilis WK, Trichoderma harzianum 136, T. koningii 98, Penicillium citrinum and P. oxalicum. After transplanting the seedlings of sweet pepper, tomato, cucumber, ornamental pepper, zinnia, sunflower, heliopsis, cosmos or impatients which were cultivated in potting medium containing T. harzianum 136 or T. koningii 98 to the Rhizoctonia solani-, Phytophthora capsici-, or Pythium aphanidermatum-infested soil, the survivability of these crops was not significantly (P=0.05) different from the healthy control. Tricherma harzianum 136 or T. koningii 98 in the potting medium provided the capability to reduce the disease sverity significantly than diseased check. When R. solani existed in container mix, the dry weight of sweet pepper, tomato, cucumber, zinnia, heliopsis and cosmos which grew from the potting medium containing T. harzianum 136 were significantly (P=0.05) more than the healthy control. When P. aphanidermatum existed in the soil, dry weight of ornamental pepper, zinnia and impatients which grew from the potting medium containing T. harzianum 136 were significantly (P=0.05) more than healthy control. The potting medium used in this study had higher flurorescein diacetate hydrolysis activity and more total number of bacteria and Trichoderma spp. than those in commercial potting medium, i.e. BVB#4. After autoclaving antagonistamended potting medium, the survival percentage of cucumber reduced and disease severity increased when R. solani or P. capsici existed in potting medium. |
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