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題 名 | A Formulated Container Medium Suppressive to Rhizoctonia Damping-off of Cabbage=研製具有抑制甘藍立枯病的栽培介質 |
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作 者 | 黃振文; 黃鴻章; | 書刊名 | Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica |
卷 期 | 41:1 2000.01[民89.01] |
頁 次 | 頁49-56 |
分類號 | 435.232 |
關鍵詞 | 栽培介質; 農業廢棄物; 甘藍立枯病; 生物防治; Agricultural wastes; Biocontrol; Cabbage; Container medium; Rhizoctonia damping-off; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 評估廢棄和菇培養基質、香菇太空包堆肥、廢棄金針菇培養基質、金針菇堆肥、稻殼、炭化稻殼、花生殼、椰殼纖維、蔗渣及廢棉等十種農業廢棄物對甘藍幼苗生育的影響,發現腐熟的香菇太空包堆肥與金針菇堆肥兩者最適合作為培育甘藍幼苗的基質。香菇太空包堆肥與金針菇堆肥堆積時間的長短可顯著(P<0.001)影響甘藍幼苗的生長。 試驗結果顯示香菇太空包堆肥與金針菇堆肥分別堆積10與6星期以上,才使可甘藍幼苗生育良好。將腐熟香菇太空包堆肥與炭化稻殼按三比一體積均勻拌合,再分別添加0.5%(W/V)蝦蟹殼粉、0.2%(W/V)牛血粉與0.3%(W/V)石灰等,即可製成SSC-06介質。SSC-06介質除具有仰制甘藍種苗立枯病(Rhizoctonia solani AG-4)發生的效果外,還可培育生長強壯的甘藍幼苗。剛配置的 SSC-06 介質不具有抑制甘藍立枯病發生的效果,惟將其堆積10至50天後,即呈現顯著(P<0.001)的抑病功效。在不同堆積程度的SSC-06介質中,分別接種 R. solani AG-4 後,再利用甘藍種子誘釣法檢測R. solani AG-4纏據種子的百分率,發現堆積10∼60天的SSC-60介質呈現抑制R. solani AG-4纏據種子的功效;至於不堆積和堆積的 BVB No. 4 介質均不具有抑制R. solani AG-4的效應。堆積過20天的SSC-06介質,經100 ℃熱蒸氣處理15∼30分鐘後,隨即喪失部分抑制R. solani AG-4的功效。利用Peptone-dextrose-rose bengal agar(PDRA)與Nutrient agar(NA)分別檢測不同程度熱處理的SSC-06介質之真菌與細菌相,發現SSC-06介質經過100 ℃熱蒸氣處理5∼30分鐘後,PDRA平板已檢測不出任何真菌的菌落;然而,在NA平板卻還可分離到10�� cfu/g medium的細菌。若在處理過熱蒸氣(100 ℃)15分鐘的SSC-06介質中,接種Trichoderma harizanum TH-05(10�� cfu/g dry medium),發現該介質可立即顯現抑制R. solani AG-4 的功效。 |
英文摘要 | Ten agricultural wastes were tested for their suitability as substrates for the growth of cabbage seedlings. Spent forest mushroom compost (SFMC) and spent golden mushroom compost (SGMC) were found to be more suitable than raw spent forest mushroom growth medium (RFM), raw spent golden mushroom growth medium (RGM), rice hull, carbonized rice hull, peanut husk, coconut fiber, bagasse meal or wasted cotton. The optimum composting period for SFMC and SGMC was 10 and 6 weeks, respectively. A new container medium (SSC-06) was formulated using SFMC, carbonized rice hull, shrimp and crab shell meal, blood waste, and lime. The SSC-06 medium was suitable for growth of cabbage seedling and was suppressive to Rhizoctonia solani AG-4. The suppressive effect of 20-day-old SSC-06 medium on colonizatin of cabbage seeds by R. solani AG-4 was reduced after it was steamed in 100 ℃ hot air for 15∼30 min. However, the inhibitory effect was restored to the steamed SSC-06 medium by inoculation with Tricholderma harzianum isolate TH-05 at a concentration of 10�� cfu/g dry medium. After the medium was steamed for 5, 10, 15, 25 or 30 min, no fungal colonies were recovered, but the colony-forming units of the bacterial population were maintained at > 16��/g dry medium. The potential for SSC-06 as a container medium for commercial nursery industries is discussed. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。