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題名 | 光源模擬系統:應用於機器視覺系統中光源最佳位置之決定=An Illumination Simulation System:With Application to Optimizing the Sensor and Light Source Position |
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作者 | 徐正聲; 江行全; Hsu, Cheng-sheng; Jiang, B. C.; |
期刊 | 工業工程學刊 |
出版日期 | 19980100 |
卷期 | 15:1 1998.01[民87.01] |
頁次 | 頁69-82 |
分類號 | 471.7 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 機器視覺; 電腦模擬; 光源模擬; 投光模式; 影像評估; Machine vision; Computer simulation; Light simulation; Illuminatin model; Image quality; |
中文摘要 | 我們發展了一套應用於機器視覺中之光源模擬系統,並藉模擬之影像以決定光源 與感測器之最佳架設位置。在本系統中,對於光源的設計,乃由「基本光源」組成「應用光 源」。「基本光源」包含「擴散型」及「平行光型」兩大類,由此再分為三種型態:點光源 、線形及環形共六種組合。這六種光源可模擬出常見的:燈泡、日光燈管、環形燈管、光纖 、雷射等。「應用光源」是由使用者依需要,將基本光源做排列組合形成之新光源。由此衍 生,一個機器視覺中所架設的多燈管、環光,或網狀結構光、環狀結構光均可達成。最後, 系統由模擬所得之影像,依據影像過亮或過暗情形、亮度分佈範圍 (dynamic range)、影像 亮度區域變異性 (local contrast) 及影像由 Within Group 演算法獲得之二極化 (binary) 閥值 (threshold ) 上下± 5 個灰階值內之點數和的機率等計算指標。綜合這些 指標值可作為使用者決定每個相機、光源架設位置之適當性。 |
英文摘要 | We developed an illumination simulation system for machine vision application and by the simulated image to determine the optimized arrangement of light and sensor (camera). There are two parts in our illumination simulation system, "basic light" and extended light. The "basic light" is built in system, including "diffused" and "parallel" models. The point, line and ring lights are constructed on the two models, so there are six types of basic lights in the system. The "extended light" is a light that users defined and is the light which works in the simlation system. Users may define an extended light by combining the "basic lights". Besides the lights, we simulate the cameras by perspective projection to transform the object shape into an image scene. The objects are constructed by points, lines, and polygons. These three parts: lights, cameras and objects are designed to be independent, in order to make the simulated devices to be reconfigurable easily. As for the output of the simulation system, we use the "Phong Illumination Model" to simulate the illumination effect. The Z buffer algorithm is used to determine the visible vertices of object. By calculating the intersection between the line of the object to light, and the surface of the object, the shading of the image can be determined. Finally. four indices about the image quality are calculated on the simulation image: the dynamic range, the brightness, the local contrast, and the threshold stability. Through these four indices, a user can decide whether the arrangement of the system is satisfied. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。