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題名 | 宋代禪宗牧牛詩組初探=A Preliminary Study on the Sherpherd and Ox Poetry Series of the Zen Sect in the Sung Period |
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作者 | 蔡榮婷; Ts'ai, Jung-t'ing; |
期刊 | 國立中正大學學報 |
出版日期 | 19971200 |
卷期 | 8:1(人文分冊) 民86.12 |
頁次 | 頁83-113 |
分類號 | 226.6 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 宋代; 禪宗; 牧牛詩組; |
中文摘要 | 本論文主要是以宋代為範圍,從宏觀的角度,對於禪宗的牧牛詩組,進行全面性 的與系統性的整理與研究。研究重點在於考察此類作品的數量與存佚狀況,並探索蘊藏其間 的關係脈絡,以及探究呈現其中的文學現象。本文從禪籍以及相關的詩文、石刻、史料等文 獻中,察訪搜尋宋代的牧牛詩組,發現目前可知者有 10 篇, 其中 2 篇有目無文,因此今 日可見的詩組共 8 篇。 就作者而言,其身份有禪師也有居士,其宗派則有集中於雲門、楊 岐的現象。就作品而言,其詩題多直接以「牧牛」或「牛」命題,其組詩數均為偶數,又其 詩與圖組成的形式具有多層繁複的「連環套」特色。就文學表現而言,牧牛詩組擅長透過隱 喻與象徵,以指涉吾人生命的實質。就思想內涵而言,其宗教思想除了以南宗為主體外,亦 有溯源自佛典者;又有關修行歷程的表現方法,較常見的有三種不同的形式;至於對於終極 關懷的看法,北宋中期以前是以人我俱泯為究竟,北宋晚期開始轉而以悟後入世度化為究竟 ,足見北宋時期,牧牛詩組的思想仍在不斷的深化,還沒有就完全定型。歸結而言,宋代牧 牛詩組的整理與研究,不但有助於了解牧牛詩組的起源與開展歷程,亦有助於吾人更深入的 認識禪宗文學、歷史、思想的流衍與開展。 |
英文摘要 | This paper deals primarily with the thorough and systematic re-organization and research on the Sherpherd and Ox Poetry Series of the Zen Sect in the Sung period. The author investigates the quantity of the extant and non-extant poems of such kind, the relationship between the poems and the Zen doctrine, as well as the creation of literary phenomena. Ten series of Sherpherd and Ox Poetry of the Sung period have been found from various source materials. Two of them have no contents but titles only. Writers of eight extant poetry series, including Zen monks and lay Buddhists, belonged to the Yun-men and Yang-ch'i branches of the Zen Sect respectively. "Sherpherd" and "Ox" were frequently assigned as the topic of the poem. The number of poems in each series is even. The poems and pictures were composed in interlocking picture-story book style. From the point of literary view, metaphor and symbol were used in the poetry series to show the truth of life. According to the content of the poems, most of their religious thought originated from the Southern Zen Sect and partly from the Buddhist classics. Three different styles of Buddhist practice may also be found in the extant poetry series. Before the mid-Northern Sung, the writers believed that, upon the viewpoint of the ultimate concern, one could obtain a perfect life through personal devotion. During the late Northern Sung they changed their minds to convert themselves to Buddhism but work in the secular world. Therefore we can see that the thought of the poetry series writers was deeply developed but not yet finalized. Summing up, the re-organization and research of the Sherpherd and Ox Poetry Series may assist us in understanding their origins and development as well as to better understand the thought, history and literature of the Zen Sect. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。