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題名 | 三種洋香瓜品種對棉蚜(同翅目:蚜科)之抗性=Resistance of Three Muskmelon Cultivars to Aphis Gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) |
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作者 | 余志儒; 陳炳輝; 劉玉章; | 書刊名 | 中華昆蟲 |
卷期 | 17:4 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁次 | 頁245-256 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
關鍵詞 | 洋香瓜; 棉蚜; 抗性; 有翅型蚜; Muskmelon; Aphis gossypii; Resistance; Alatae; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 於室內25°C下比較洋香瓜(Cucumis melo L.)台南8號、台南9號及秋香品種對棉蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover)之抗性。無選擇法測試結果顯示抗生性以台南9號最強,秋香稍次,而以台南8號最為感蚜。棉蚜於移殖後第一子代無翅成蚜之平均壽命以在台南9號最短,每隻雌蚜總產子教最少,第二子代之若蚜存活率最低,無翅成蚜體重也最輕;自由選擇測試法,由放蟲後第5天調查之棉蚜族群級數得知其抗棲性以台南9號與秋香二品種較強,分別為1.25~2.25與2.50,顯著小於台南8號之3.25~4.25。以育自不同洋香瓜品種之棉蚜群作為測試蟲對二種測試法之檢定結果皆有影響。無選擇法中,不同蚜群移殖在秋香品種上其第一子代之無翅成蚜壽命與體重皆有顯著差異,在移殖至任一品種後之第二子代若蟲存活率均呈顯著不同;自由選擇法中,秋香品種之抗棲性程度,在以育自台南8號的蚜群為測試蟲時顯著強於台南8號,而與台南9號無顯著差異,但以育自其他兩品種的蚜群測試時,則與另二品種差異不顯著。擁擠為棉蚜在供試之三洋香瓜品種上產生有翅蚜的重要因素。在台南8號或秋香品種上,自母蚜接殖後開始產子蚜起,經9.25~12.00日即出現有翅型蚜,單位面積內蚜蟲數多達31.37~35.71隻/cm2,而在台南9號品種上,經20日均無有翅蚜出現,蚜蟲數僅有3.66~4.50隻/cm2,顯著較低。可見抗蚜品種台南9號不但可延緩棉蚜之發育與族群增長,亦較不易產生有翅型蚜。 |
英文摘要 | Resistance to cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, was compared among mushmelon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars, Tainan 8 (TN 8), Tainan 9 (TN 9), and Autumn favor (CT). Results reveal that TN 8 was the most susceptible cultivar, while TN 9 and CT were resistant with antibiosis affecting the development of nymphs, longevity and reproduction of apterous adults, survival rate of nymphs, and body weight or apterous adults of the 2nd generation cotton aphid in the no-choice test. In the free-choice test, a higher population score of 3.25~4.25 was found on TN 8 for each aphid colony; lower scores of 1.25~2.25 and 2.50 were found on TN 9 and CT, respectively, at 5 days after aphid released. Results from this test suggest taht TN 9 and CT are resistant with the same antixenosis level. The influence of preconditioning host cultivars showed sighificant difference among various aphid colonies which were reared from 3 different muskmelon cultivars. In the no-choice test, the longevity and body weight of apterous adults on CT, the number of progeny produced per adult on TN 8, and survival rate of progeny on all cultivars. In the free-choice test, antixenosis of CT was highter than TN 8 when tested with a preconditioned aphid colony from TN 8 but was same level as TN 8 when tested with the other 2 colonies. Crowding is an important factor for the production of the alate form in this study. About 9.25~12.00 d. were needed for A. gossypii from breeding nymphs till alate adult emergence, and there were 31.37~35.71 aphids per cm2 of leaf in clip-on cages on TN 8 or CT. There were 3.66~4.50 aphids/cm2 of leaf on the 20th day after the mother bred on TN 9, which was significantly less than previous 2 cultivars, and there were no alatae within this time. The growth and population increase of aphids were not only delayed, but also difficult to produce the alate form on the aphid-resistance cultivar, TN 9. |
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