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題名 | 不同施肥處理對水田土壤中銨離子潛勢緩衝量與固定量間的影響性=Effects of Different Treatments of Fertilizer on Potential Buffering Capactity and Fixation of Ammonium in Paddy Soils |
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作者 | 莊作權; 鄭宏寬; 陳鴻基; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 180 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁次 | 頁120-139 |
分類號 | 434.227 |
關鍵詞 | 潛勢緩衝量; 銨固定; 豬糞堆肥; Potential buffering capacity; Ammonium fixation; Hog manure compost; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣由於環境與氣候等因素的影響,造成土壤中潛在氮素肥力低落,尤其是水田 土壤。為求能夠減輕因化肥過量施用對土壤環境所造成的衝擊,以及維持土壤長期地力和作 物生產力,瞭解比較豬糞堆肥與化學肥料在水田土壤中的氮素肥效是有其重要性。 以施加豬糞堆肥與化學肥料之不同肥料處理,來探討興大和埤頭土壤於不同水稻生長期 的氮素變化關係,以及不同土壤在不同肥料處理下對銨離子潛勢緩衝量的影響。試驗結果顯 示,不同肥料處理對二種土壤所含有效性氮、交換性銨、固定性銨量增加的效果以全量豬糞堆 肥處理最顯著,其次是半量豬糞堆肥與半量化肥處理、全量化肥處理,不施肥處理最低。肥 料處理在二種不同土類土壤上顯現差異性,並且因二種土壤在理化性質及組成成分含量上的 不同,使興大土壤在交換性銨有較顯著的影響,埤頭土壤則在固定性銨的影響較為顯著。對 銨離子潛勢緩衝量的影響也是以有施加豬糞堆肥處理者較大,二種土壤在膨脹限性粘土礦物 種類上有所不同,蛭石類粘土礦物含量較多的興大土壤在潛勢緩衝量上的表現要高於蒙特石 類粘土礦物含量較多的埤頭土壤。 |
英文摘要 | The potential nitrogen fertility of Taiwan soils is generally depressed as resulted from environment and climate, especially in paddy soil. In order to minimize the impact from soil environment caused by over application of chemical fertilizers and to maintain long-term fertility and crop production, it is important to elucidate and compare nitrogen fertilities of hog manure compost and chemical fertilizer in the paddy soil. To study the changes of nitrogen in Chung-Hsing and Pi-Tou soils during rice growth with different treatments of hog manure compost and chemical fertilizer, effects on potential buffering capacity of ammonium of soils were discussed. The results showed that amounts of available N, exchangeable NH4+, and fixed NH4+ increased most effectively in the hog manure compost treatments, following by the half hog manure compost and half chemical fertilizer treatments and the chemical fertilizer treatments, and the non-fertilizer treatments were the lowest. There were some differences between Chung-Hsing and Pi-Tou soils treated with different fertilizers. The results showed that Chung-Hsing soil gave more significant difference in exchangeable NH4+, whereas Pi-Tou soil gave more significant difference in fixed NH4+. The reasons could be attributed to the differences in the physical-chemical properties and compositions between Chung-Hsing and Pi-Tou soils. The treatments of hog manure compost also had more significant influence potential buffering capacity of NH4+. Due to different expanding clay minerals present in Chung-Hsing and Pi-Tou soils, potential buffering capacity found to be more pronounced in Chung-Hsing soil (with more vermiculite) than in Pi-Tou soil with more montmorillonite. |
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