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題 名 | 經簡化的臺灣兒童發展量表之設計及其臨床試用=Validation of a Simplified Child Developmental Screening Test in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 黃美涓; 張春琴; 王錦滿; 林鴻圖; | 書刊名 | 臺灣醫學 |
卷 期 | 1:4 1997.07[民86.07] |
頁 次 | 頁424-439 |
分類號 | 417.6266 |
關鍵詞 | 兒童發展; 早期篩檢; 兒童復健; Childhood development; Early intervention; Pediatric rehabilitation; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究所設計的簡易兒童發展量表是針對嬰幼兒發展,作普遍性、全面性的早期 評估,以達早期發現、早期介入治療之目的。量表特點為:(一)配合預防接種在滿四、六 、九、十二、十八及二十四個月進行篩檢。(二)追蹤發展之內容為粗動作、精細動作、語 言溝通、身邊處理及社會性四大領域,內有兩至三個分項,每一追蹤階段共十個分項,以圖 片及文字簡潔表達。 (三)測試者簡單明確判定〞通過〞或〞不通過〞,通過一分項得 10 分,每一追蹤階段內十個分項,故滿分 100 分。 (四)不需特定的教材或儀器,故將來可 普及化。本量表經多次修正,於三種醫療單位試用,追蹤時若有兩個或以上之發展項目〞不 通過〞,且持續到下一追蹤階段,該個案將適當轉介及追蹤。另在每一追蹤階段,測試項目 全通過的個案中隨機選取 10 位,給予中國兒童發展量表( CCDI )測試,並做效度分析。 結果為收案 302 人,完成追蹤 272 人,完成率 90.1%, 因異常而轉介者 6 位,另 24 位 失去聯絡或死亡。得分 90 分以上者平均佔 92.9%;得分 80 分以下,且落後兩分項在同一 大領域的個案,在下一追蹤時甚少得到滿分,落後分項並非同一大領域時,在追蹤時,得滿 分的機會並不少見。故建議使用此量表時,需考慮得分多寡與落後項目是否在同一大領域內 。個案性別、出生體重、生產方式、照顧者等因素與測試得分做分析,發現在統計上無相關 性,顯示此量表適用範圍良好。 |
英文摘要 | Early diagnosis and intervention for infants with developmental delay is necessary and has proved to have beneficial effects in the field of pediatric rehabilitation. In Taiwan, the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) and the Chinese Children Developmental Inventory (CCDI) are not popular, and are used only in certain medical centers, because the former must be performed by specialists or after training and the latter is composed of over 100 items, making it rather complicated. We designed a simple field screening test which are: 1) Allows a evaluation at the 4 ��,6 ��,9 ��,12 ��,18 ��,and 24 �� months of age (matching the times of vaccination); 2) Includes four parts, including gross motor, fine motor, prelingustic communication and personal-social behavior skills (10 tested subitems of each age level); 3) Uses only "Pass" or "Fail" for scoring in the two or three sub-items of each part; and 4) Requires neither specific tools nor special training to complete the test. Three different types of health facilities, including medical centers, district hospitals, and clinics were chosen for the evaluation of this test. A total of 302 subjects who were full term babies and had normal birth history were recruited in the first session of assessment of these, 272 (90.1%) were followed up from 4 months to 2 years of age. Most subjects had mild delay in one to three subitems, but none failed more than five of the 10 tested subitems of each age level. The pattern of failed subitems in each tested age level was inconsistent in terms of the four main parts of this test. The inter-rater reliability Kappa value was 0.71 ± 0.30. The validity was high in 13 items among the total 60 items, as compared with CCDI. Not only the number of the failed subitems but also the type were of concern in terms of developmental status of individuals, for those failed subitems which fell under the same category, poor development scoring would be attained in the next evaluation. Our results indicate this new test scale can be used as a screening tool in the community to achieve the aim of early detection and early intervention. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。