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題名 | 季節更替對生牛乳體細胞數與乳汁品質之影響=Effects of Seasonal Alternation on Somatic Cell Count and Milk Quality in Raw Cow's Milk |
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作者姓名(中文) | 周繼發; 扈志平; | 書刊名 | 中國畜牧學會會誌 |
卷期 | 26:1 1997.03[民86.03] |
頁次 | 頁87-97 |
分類號 | 473.7 |
關鍵詞 | 季節更替; 生牛乳; 體細胞數; 乳汁品質; Seasonal alternation; Raw cow's milk; Somatic cell count; Milk quality; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 自民國 84 年 6 月至 85 年 5 月間,就東海大學自營牧場及牛乳工廠所收受之 臺灣中部 12 戶契約酪農戶生乳探討季節更替與生牛乳乳汁品質之關係。分析項目包括比重 、滴定酸度、灰分、鈣、磷、鈉、鉀、美藍褪色時間與細菌數,另以紅外線乳成分分析儀( Infrared milk analyser; Bentley 2300,Bentley Instruments,Inc. USA )測定體細 胞數與脂肪、蛋白質、乳糖等,並與傳統化學方法定量之脂肪、蛋白質、乳糖、總固形分與 非脂肪乳固形分等比較。 結果發現紅外線乳成分分析儀與傳統化學方法間為高相關( P<0.01 ), 的確可準確而有效地就生乳各組成分予以定量而應用於生乳計價、原料分析及 品質管制作業上。夏季乳( 6 ∼ 9 月)之體細胞數顯著較暖季( 4 ∼ 5、10 ∼ 11 月) 、冬季乳( 12 ∼ 3 月)為高( P<0.01 ); 冬季乳其比重、滴定酸度、脂肪、乳糖、總 固形分、非脂肪乳固形分、灰分及鈣含量均顯著高於夏季乳( P<0.01 );而蛋白質於冬、夏 兩季較暖季高( P<0.01 );夏季乳磷、鈉、鉀之含量則反較冬季為高( P<0.01 ),冬季 乳美藍褪色時間較短但細菌數較低( P<0.01 )。 |
英文摘要 | Bulk milk sampled from 13 dairy farms contracted with Tunghai Universit y Milk Plant during June 1995 through May 1996 were studied to investigate the effects of seasonal alternation and bulk milk somatic cell count with milk quality in raw cow's milk. The specific gravity, titratable acidty, ash, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, methylene blue reduction time and total bacteria count were investigated, and the contents of milk fat, protein, lactose, total solids, and solids-not-fat were also determined by infrared milk analyzer (Bentley 2300, Bentley Instruments Inc, USA) and traditional chemical methods. The results indicated that the correlation coefficients between infrared milk analyzer and traditional chemical methods were high (P<0.01). It measured milk components correctly and effectively and thus can be used as a basis for milk payment, herd milk analysis, and routine quality control in the dairy industry. Summer milk (June, July, Augaust and September) had significantly (P<0.01) higher mean somatic cell counts than winter milk (December, January, February and March). The specific gravity, titratable acidity, contents of fat, protein, lactose, total solids, solids-not-fat, ash and calcium in winter milk were significantly higher than summer milk (P<0.01). Summer milk had significantly (P<0.01) higher mean concentration of phosphorus, sodium and potassium than winter milk. In addition, winter milk had a significantly (P<0.01) shorter methylene blue reduction time but lower total plate counts than summer milk. |
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