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題名 | 電力系統穩定度之分析=Electrical Power Systems Stability Analysis |
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作者 | 曲毅民; | 書刊名 | 樹德學報 |
卷期 | 19 1997.03[民86.03] |
頁次 | 頁103-123 |
分類號 | 448.115 |
關鍵詞 | 干擾; 穩定度; 定態穩定度; 動態穩定度; 暫態穩定度; 失步; 搖擺方程式; 無限母線; 等面積規則; 臨界清除角; Disturbance; Steady state stability; Dynamic stability; Transient stability; Loss-of-synchronism; Swing equation; Infinite bus; Equal-area criterion; Critical clearing angle; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 電力系統運作過程中,隨時會遭遇到或大或小的干擾(Disturbance),較大者將 使發電機跳機或高壓輸電線路故障;較小者則促使負載變動。當一個電力系統原先在某一個 穩態工作點( steady-state operating point )運作,當遇干擾發生時,則經過一段暫態 時間( Transient period )以後,若系統能在有限時間內抵達一個新的穩態工作點,則該 電力系統稱為穩定的電力系統。通常有關電力系統穩定度之討論,分為三類,﹝ 1 ﹞ 1. 定態穩定度( Steady-state stability )。 2. 暫態穩定度( transient stability )。 3. 動態穩定度( Dynamic stability )。 |
英文摘要 | Jhe power system engineer is faced with a Variable Lood ranging from minimum to maximum at or near a Constant Value of voltage. It is a very important factor as the light output of a lamp reduces very much when it is operated below a certain rated voltage. The induction motor draws more current for the same torque when operated at lower voltages and under extreme low voltage condition motors may stall under load. Maximum power transfer problem becomes much more complicated by the presence of synchronous machines in the electric power system. If attempts are made to trasfer power more than certain known as steady state stability limit, the machimes may fall out of step and supply to customers may be affected. When two or more synchronous machines are in operation on the same power system, it is found that a power transfer limit exists even though voltage at both the ends can be held at specified values. If a synchronous motor is connected to a generator, loss of synchronism results in stalling of motor and if two generators are connected, will results in wild fluctuation of current and voltage within the trausmission metwork. The Power transfer between the sources is alternatively positive and negative with an average of zero. Under such situation it is imperative to separte the machines by opening the cuircuit breakers and resynchronizing them. There are two forms of instability in power systems, the stalling of asynchronous loads and the loss of synchronism between synchronous machines, The synchronous stability is again divided into three regmes: 1. Steady state stability. 2. Transient state stability. 3. Dynamic stability. The steady state stability is the system under condition of gradual of relatively slow change in load. When compared either with the natural frequency of oscillations of the major Parts of the system or with the rate of change field flux in the rotating machine in response to the change in loading. The transient stability refers to the maximum flow of power possible through a point without losing the stability with sudden and large changes in the network condition such as brought about by faults, by sudden large increment of loads. The third categories of stability known as dynamic stability. when synchronous machines are operated alongwith fast acting voltage regulator, the stability limit of the system are higher than wher rather slow acting regulators are used. Dynamic stability also corre ponds to slow changes in load as in the case of steady state stability but the main difference between the two is that dynamic stability is made possible by the action of fast acting voltage regulators which are capable of changing the flux at a faster rate than that caused by the system in falling out of step whereas in steady state stability. |
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