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題名 | 拉丁美洲解放神學的產生與爭論=Latin American Libertion Theology and Its Debates |
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作者 | 隋復華; | 書刊名 | 筧橋學報 |
卷期 | 3 1996.09[民85.09] |
頁次 | 頁131-152 |
分類號 | 541.4055 |
關鍵詞 | 解放; 馬克思主義; 殖民化; 暴力; Liberation; Marxism; Colonialized; Violence; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 解放神學在1960年代中興起於拉丁美洲,其產生的背景是拉丁美洲長期受到西方 國家的殖民與剝削,直到一十九世紀拉丁美洲國家紛紛獨立,但各國政治不安、社會貧富不 均、經濟發展落後,使得許多基層傳教士目睹社會的不義與壓迫,挺身而出為貧困人民請命 ,從馬克思主義的分析方法對拉丁美洲社會進行分析與批判。 解放神學中有幾個爭議不斷的課題: 一、神學的政治化 在拉丁美洲由於缺乏社會力量來對抗當權者,而教會就被視為反抗的記號,解放神學主要課 題在於關懷窮人,且試圖改變不正義的社會結構使被迫害者得到解放。 二、崇高暴力的問題 有些解放神學家的言論主張壓迫的社會結構必需摧毀,給人們造成一種「暴力」的印象,基 本上,大部分的解放神學家並不主張暴力革命。 三、解放神學和馬克思主義 大多數的解放神學家把馬克思主義當作社會分析的工具,尤其是用來解釋拉丁美洲的社會現 狀。 解放神學發展到八零代有逐漸沒落的趨勢,然而解放神學無疑是近代重要的社會思潮,並對 許多第三世界國家的神學發展和宗教運動乃至社會思潮起了酵母的作用。 |
英文摘要 | Liberation theology has been the most significant theological development since the mid-1960s. Latin America has been colonialized and exploited by the Western imperialist countries. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Latin American countries became independent states on by one. After independence, the common problems encountered by those countries are political unrest, uneven property distribution, backward economy and social turmoil. Many catholic priests expose the social injustice and exploitation. They call for reform and taking action to assist the poor. They try to apply Marxist social analysis as a tool to explore social reality. There are some disputes in liberation theology: 1. A political theology Owing to the absence of other social forces capable of standing up to the oppressor, the church has come to be looked upon as a symbol of resistance. Liberation theologians opt for the poor and devote to liberate the oppressed. 2. In favor of violence Some liberation theologians insist in the necessity of revolution. One might be impressed by using violence. Most liberation theologians disagree to introduce violence into society. 3. Liberation theology and Marxism There are no doubt that a definite preference for Marxist doctrine as a tool for social analysis among liberation theologians in Latin America. Up to 1980s, liberate theology fade away by and by, however, it is an important wave of social thinking and a leaven for theological development and religious movement in the Third World. |
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