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題名 | 臺灣高山似淋澱土之薄膠結層與淋澱作用之研究 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 劉鎮宗; 蔣先覺; 邱求三; | 書刊名 | 宜蘭農工學報 |
卷期 | 11 1995.12[民84.12] |
頁次 | 頁117-134 |
分類號 | 434.22 |
關鍵詞 | 薄膠結層; 淋澱作用; 鐵; 鋁; B層; E層; 針鐵礦; 纖鐵礦; Placic horizon; Podzolization; Iron; Aluminum; E horizon; B horizon; Geothite; Lepidocrocite; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 選擇臺灣不同高山地區16個似淋澱土樣體,其中6個具有薄膠結層,研究似淋澱土 之理化特性,薄膠結層之性徵、鐵鋁化物組成,探討其與淋澱作用的關係。結果顯示,所有 樣體呈酸性(pH3.4∼5.0)且為高粘粒含量(大多>250 g/kg);薄膠結層厚度約0.5cm, 深度在13∼30cm間;部份樣體無定型鐵B層較E層增加9.4∼25.8倍,無定型鋁增加5.1∼7.9 倍。薄膠結層主由鐵化物所構成,且各形態鐵、鋁以結晶性良好者含量最多,而無定型鐵以 有機態鐵佔優勢,無定型鋁則幾乎全為有機態鋁。結晶性良好的鐵氧化物在鐵成分中佔的比 例,隨有機碳含量之增加而有減少的趨勢,結晶性良好的鋁氧化物在鋁成分中佔的比例則與 有機碳含量較無相關。具薄膠結層之樣體,其E層有機碳含量明顯偏高。以高梯度磁分離技 術處理和X-射線繞射分析檢驗,顯示薄膠結層含有針鐵礦與纖鐵礦,以穿透式電子顯微鏡和 電子繞射偵測,則只觀察到針鐵礦。由薄膠結層富含纖鐵礦可知,薄膠結層常處於氧化還原 交替變化的境況。研究薄膠結層生成之時機機制,建議摒棄傳統的樣品採集方式,大幅縮小 採樣的範圍。 |
英文摘要 | By choosing sixteen spodic-like soil pedons of high-mountain regions in Taiwan, in which six of them occurred placic horizons, ard investigated with regards to their physical and chemical properties, the characteristics of the species of iron-aluminum compounds, and the relationship with podzolization of placic horizons. The analytic results show that the pH of all pedons are ranged from 3.4 to 5.0, and the clay content is high (more than 250 g/kg in most pedons). Furthermore, the thickness and depth of placic horizons is about 0.5 cm and 13-30cm, respectively. For some pedons, the ratios of B horizons to E horizons of amorphous iron and aluminum contents are between 9.4 and 28.5, 5.1 and 7.9, respectively. Placic horizons mainly consist of the good crystalline- iron-oxides. It is obvious that the good crystalline compounds are the largest amount of species in both iron and aluminum species. The amorphous iron mainly consists of organic iron; however, the amorphous iron fully consists of organic aluminum. The ratio of good crystalline iron oxides to total iron species is inversely proportional to the content of organic carbon. However, the ratio of good crystalline aluminum to total aluminum species bears no connection to organic carbon. The contents of organic carbon are usually highly concentrated on E horizons of some pedons with placic horizons. By examining High Gradient Magnetic Separation Technique and X-ray diffraction pattern, it is shown that both geothite and lepidocrocite exist in placic horizon. Geothite was identified by using both transmission electron microscope (TEM) and electron diffraction techniques, but lepidocrocite wasn't in this issue. The full containing of lepidocrocite in placic horizons reveals that placic horizons are always in oxidation-reduction recycling status. To discover the mystery associated with the time mechanism of placic horizons, we suggest to give up the conventional methods as well as reduce the range of collecting soil samples in pedons. |
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