頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 栽培密度及氮肥用量對青割玉米生長性狀、產草量及化學組成之影響 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 王永琴; 李免蓮; 陳文; | 書刊名 | 畜產研究 |
卷期 | 28:2 1995.06[民84.06] |
頁次 | 頁125-132 |
分類號 | 434.147 |
關鍵詞 | 青割玉米; 栽培密度; 氮肥用量; 產草量; 品質; Forage maizes; Planting density; Nitrogen application rates; Forage yield; Quality; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗研究採用玉米品系臺農1號(Tainung 1,飼料用玉米)及XL678(美國 Dekalb公司,青割玉米型)兩品種,於田間分春、秋兩期作進行不同栽培密度及氮肥用量之試驗。栽培密度計有:D1=75×20cm2(約67,000株/公頃),D2=70×50cm2(約72,000株/公頃),D3-=75×15cm2(約89,000株/公頃),D4=70×15cm2(約95,000株/公頃)四種;肥料用量則分N1=250kg/ha及N2=200kg/ha兩種。試驗結果顯示,生育期間株高之生長,春作臺農1號與XL678無顯著差異,秋作臺農1號株高之生長速度則顯著優於XL678。又黃熟期所需日數春作較秋作為短,且春、秋兩期作之黃熟期(收割期)所需日數均以XL678較臺農1號長,春作XL678較臺農1號遲12日,秋作則遲16日才達黃熟期。影響青貯料品質之性狀如全糖、還原糖及澱粉含量XL678高於臺農1號,而粗蛋白、穗/莖葉比則以臺農1號優於XL678。又影響鮮草產量之莖徑及單株鮮重等性狀,則以XL678優於臺農1號品種。增加氮肥用量可提高穗/莖葉比、鮮草重及粗蛋白含量,但對碳水化合物含量則無顯著之影響。不同栽植密度可影響青割玉米之穗/莖葉比(乾物)、產草量及澱粉含量,但對其他碳水化合物如全粒、還原糖則無影響。產草量及澱粉含量春、秋兩期作均以D2密度(72,000株/公頃)之處理最佳,穗/莖葉比(乾物)亦以D2處理較高。綜合本試驗結果可知,青割玉米之栽培以高氮肥用量(N=250 kg/ha)並採用D2處理密度(70×20 cm2約72,000株/公頃)時可得較高之產量及品量。 |
英文摘要 | To select a proper planting density for economic production of forage maizes, corn cultivars of Tainung 1and XL 678 (from Dekalb) were planted in the field in four planting densities with two application levels of nitrogen each. The densities included D1=75×15 cm2 (about 67,000 plants/ha), D2=70×20 cm2 (72,000 plants/ha), D3=75×15 cm2 (89,000 plants/ha), and D4=70×15 cm2 (95,000 plants/ha). And the nitrogen each application rates were N1=250 kg/ha and N2=200 kg/ha. Some agronomic characteristics, grass yield and quality of the maizes at yellow-ripe stage were measured. The results showed that there was no difference in plant height between the cultivars in the spring crop, however, Tainung 1 grew much higher than XL678 in the fall crop. Days to yellow-ripe stage were fewer in the spring crop than in the fall crop for the two cultivars. It was 12 days and 16 days later for XL 678 when compared to Tainung 1 in spring crop and fall crop, respectively. the total sugar, reducing sugar and starch were higher in XL678 than in Tainung 1. On the contrary, crude protein and ear/shoot ratio were higher in Tainung 1. But, the diameter of stalks and fresh forage yield were higher in XL678 than in Tainung 1. Planting density influenced the forage yield, ear/shoot ratio and starch content. D2 polt led the top in forage yield (40,414 kg/ha). High nitrogen application increased the ear/shoot ratio, fresh grass yield and crude protein of the maize but had no obvious effect on the carbohydrates. Considering the forage grass yield and quality of forage maizes, the D2 treatment with density at 70×20 cm2 or about 72,000 plants per hectar was the best planting density for production of forage maizes. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。