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題名 | 金屬表面之非線性光電子放射= |
---|---|
作者 | 劉佳明; |
期刊 | 光訊 |
出版日期 | 19940600 |
卷期 | 47 1994.06[民83.06] |
頁次 | 頁35-37 |
分類號 | 337.9 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 放射; 金屬表面; 非線性光電子; |
中文摘要 | 霍布斯所引以為論的『個人主義』是區克夏所極力推崇的一個政治哲學的新基礎。個人存在的價?不被任何理由所穿透或壓制是文藝復興以來的新思潮的根本,個人的尊嚴與個人的行動之自主性逐漸成為不證自明之價值信條。為了追求價值之實現,西方在思想及歷史上走了一些迂迴曲哲的路,但區克夏指出,在霍布斯的思想中,早就標舉了此一理想及其南貫現之方式,只不過是我們未能『解讀』出而已。世人多以為霍布斯之學說有從容專制政治之虞,而『目的可證成手段』,大概就是他對霍布斯政治思想體系的包容與肯定態度背後之理由,因為『絕對的秩序須靠絕對的權力以維繫保障之』。而在絕對的秩序下,『個人』、『個體』也才有可以開始發展的空間,也即是說,文明於焉得以展開。 |
英文摘要 | Thomas Hobbes is a political thinker who is subject to intense controversies both in his life time and after. And his voluminous corpus, however, does not help to alleviate the confusions or reduce the difficulities in reaching a conclusion on him. Authoritarianism has been the word ascribed to his system of political ideas, and even atheism is added to his name when his way of thinking is criticized. Nevertheless, some reinterpretation of him can still be in order if we are to recognize that his is a formal rather than substantial theory about political life. Michael Oakeshott is the first to propound such a reading of Hobbes, and he tries to convince us that Hobbes is in essence a liberal theorist who cares not only the freedom of actions but that of the mind in our social life. Oakeshott giver us a new picture of Hoabbes' intellectual universe, and it is only with the idea of the ture nature of "civil association" can we fruitfully assess the contribution of Hobbes' system of politics to our civilization. |
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