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題名 | Evaluation of the Pulping Potentials on Spent Shiitake Bedlogs=廢棄香菇段木之製漿適性評估 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 蘇裕昌; 谷雲川; 王益真; | 書刊名 | 林業試驗所研究報告季刊 |
卷期 | 8:3 1993.09[民82.09] |
頁次 | 頁239-249 |
分類號 | 476.21 |
關鍵詞 | 廢棄香菇段木; 硫酸鹽法製漿; 蘇打蒽醌法製漿; 中性亞硫酸鹽半化學製漿法; 製漿適性; Spent shiitake bed logs; Sulphate pulping; Soda-AQ pulping; Neutral sulfite semichemical pulping; Pulping potentials; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本研究進行三種種植香菇廢段木山臼(Sapium discolor)、楓香 ( Liquidambar formosana)、火燒柯(Castanopsis hysstrix)之製漿利用,並進行分析 化學組成變化及製漿適性之評估。試材分別以硫酸鹽法,蘇打恩琨法及中性亞硫 酸鹽半化學法製漿,結果顯示三種製漿法,廢棄段木較正常木片製漿有較差之收 率,低強度性質、高卡巴值、高用鹼量但有較高之白度不適合於單獨製漿利用, 混合以同量正常木片製漿,則收率、紙力、卡巴值均可提高至正常木材之漿水準。 綜合試驗結果如下: 1.香菇菌分解之段木隨樹種有不同之分解率,但在分解初期木質素損失速率較碳 水化合物快,但經二年之香菇栽培後,段木之重量損失、木質素損失、碳水化合 物損失率均在48∼60%左右。 2.三樹種之廢棄段木分別以硫酸鹽法、蘇打恩琨法及中性亞硫酸鹽半化學製漿法 製漿,在硫酸鹽、蘇打恩琨法時較正常材收率有5∼12%之減低,較高之卡巴值 及需要較大之用藥量,但所製之未漂漿較正常材有較高之白度。 3.三樹種以等量之廢棄材及正常材之混合木片進行製漿,則無論收率、需鹼量、 及卡巴值均與正常材有類似之結果。 4.比較正常材、混合材、及廢棄木片所製化學紙漿之性質,廢棄材中腐朽時期最 長者顯示強度損失最大,抗張及破裂強度損失約40∼50%而撕裂指數則損失更 大。混合材所得化學漿與正常材者有相似之抗張及頂破力,但撕力僅約有正常材 者之50%。 5.廢棄香菇木之半化學製漿顯示消耗較少之製漿動力,無論收率及強度性質均與 正常材有類似之結果,混合木片製漿則顯示較佳之收率及強度性質。 |
英文摘要 | Three major species of shiitake bedlogs in Taiwan, namely, Sapium discolor, Castanopsis hystrix and Liquidambar formosana were valuated for pulping potentials of their spent logs. As annual supply of these waste material from shiitake cultivation can reach 550,000 cubic meters, they represent potenial sources of cellulosic fibers. The results suggest that: 1.The rates of degradation varied greatly among the species, but generally showed greater losses of lignin than that of carbohydrates at early stages. After two years of shiitake cultivation, weight losses and decrease of either lignin or carbohydrates were constant at 48 to 60% range of the original weights. 2.The three species were pulped separately by kraft, soda-AQ, and NSSC processes. The results show that in kraft and soda-AQ pulping, spent logs were 5 to 12% lower in pulp yields, 8 to 15 points higher in kappa numbers and regired greater amount of alkali to pulp. Unbleached pulp brightness, however, were better than the corresponding sound wood. Pulping of equal parts of decayed and sound wood of the three species gave same levels of pulp yields, alkali requirements and lower kappa numbers as compared to pulping of sound wood alone of the three species. 3.Pulps from sound wood, decayed wood and mixed (1:1 mixture of sound and decayed) wood were compared with the sound wood pulps of the same species. Each species behaved differently before and after decay in chemical pulping. The most advance decayed (24 month post inoculation) wood showed the greatest losses in strengths. Tensile and bursting strengths decreased by about 40 to 50%, while tearing and folding decreased by about 70% when compared to sound wood pulps of the same kappa numbers. Pulps from mixed wood, however, gave same degrees of tensile and bursting strengths, but despite substantial improvment, still much inferior (about 50%) tearing strengths. Viscosities of the pulps showed complimentary decreases. 4.Semi-chemical pulping of the shiitake bedlogs gave more promising results, as comparable yield and strength properties of the sound wood pulps can be obtained. Mixed wood pulping again showed better yield and strength properties. The results suggest that spent shiitake bedlogs are generally not suitable for chemical or semichemical pulping alone, but mixing with equal parts of sound wood can give satisfactory products, particularly in semi-chemical pulping. |
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