查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 粘粒表面銨離子交換選擇性對銨固定之影響 |
---|---|
作者姓名(中文) | 莊作權; 陳鴻基; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 163 1993.09[民82.09] |
頁次 | 頁18-38 |
分類號 | 434.223 |
關鍵詞 | 交換; 表面; 銨固定; 銨離子; 選擇性; 粘粒; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 胺離子未進入到2:1型層狀矽酸鹽黏土礦物層間內(interlayer)的固定位置之前,層狀矽酸鹽黏土礦物表面不同位置所含的不同電荷密度量對銨離子固定的影響性,以及銨離子在不同層狀矽酸鹽黏土礦物表面上的交換選擇性能力的不同等研究,是本研究所要探討的主題。 本研究綜合黏土礦物種類與含量上的不同,其所表現在銨離子潛勢緩衝量上的差異及溶液中銨離子活度所表現的情形等與銨固定上的關係進行試驗。試驗結果指出銨離子在十二種代表土壤中的潛勢緩衝量(PBC¹)與黏土壤黏粒部分的陽離子換容量間並無明顯關係。在十二種代表土壤的PBC¹中有九種大於500 cmol ㎏⁻¹ (mol L⁻¹)⁻□,顯示這些土壤對銨離子的潛勢緩衝量很大。三種PBC¹小於500 cmol ㎏⁻¹ (mol L⁻¹)⁻□中,一種是屬於沙頁岩新沖積土的柳營系及兩種屬於粘板岩老沖積土的五魁系PBC¹與銨固定量間的相關性比CEC大。PBC²與銨固定量間的相關性比PBC¹低。試驗中除柳營系、五魁寮系(4)、五魁寮系(13)三種土壤外,其餘土壤的PBC²比PBC¹低。PBC¹與K□¹間的正相關關係,r=0.850;–△NH₄¹會隨PBC¹增加而增加,且其間的正相關關係係數為0.766。PBC²與K□¹間的相關係數為0.803,但PBC²與–△NH₄¹的量相關性很低,顯示黏粒在銨固定上的作用與–△NH₄²的量有關,鉀離子的存在影響到黏粘表面一般吸附基上的交換性銨量,此可由常溫時銨固定量與–△NH₄²間的相關性較–△NH₄¹間的相關性大得知。PBC²大時,–△NH₄²不一定大,因為–△NH₄²大時銨固定量略微減少,因此鉀離子的存在使得–△NH₄²與PBC²間顯得無明顯相關關係存在,不至於因黏粒表面上一般吸附基上的銨離子量(–△NH₄²)的存在而影響PBC²與銨固定量的相關性,所以PBC²與銨固定量間的相關性要比PBC¹大。 |
英文摘要 | The effects of the charge density at different sites on ammonium fixation before the ammonium ion reach the fixation sites of 2:1 types layer silicates interlayer and the exchange selectivity of ammonium ion on the clay mineral surfaces were the primary subjects of this study. The effect of amounts and species of clay minerals on PBC (potential buffering capacity) for NH₄⁺ and the relationship between the ammonium activity in soil solution and ammonium fixation were studied. The obtained results indicated no significant correlation between PBC¹ and CEC of clay fraction in twelve soils representing seven major soil groups of cultivated land in western Taiwan. PBC¹ higher than 500 cmol kg⁻¹ (mol L⁻¹)⁻½ found in nine soils indicted a relatively higher potential buffering capacity of NH₄⁺ in these soils. PBC¹ of Liu-Ying Series of recent sandstone-shale alluvial soils, and two samples from Wu-Kuei-Liao Series, an older slate alluvial soils were less than 500 cmol kg⁻¹ (mol L⁻¹)⁻½. The correlation between ammonium fixation and PBC¹ was more significant than that of ammonium fixation and CEC, while the relationship between PBC² and ammonium fixation was lower than that of PBC¹ and ammonium fixation. PBC¹ of the soils tested, except Liu-Ying Series and two samples from Wu-Kuei-Liao Series, were lower than PBC¹. The correlation coefficients between PBC¹ and K□, and –△NH₄¹ were 0.850 and 0.766, respectively, A significant correlation between PBC² and K□, r=0.803, and no significant correlation between PBC² and –△NH₄² indicated 2n apparent relationship between –△NH₄² and the ammonium fixation on clay. It also indicated that the amount of exchangeable ammonium on general absorptive sites of clay surface was affected by presence of K⁺. The relationship between ammonium fixation and –△NH₄² is more significant than that of ammonium fixation –△NH₄¹ and at 25°C. The –△NH₄² was not increased with increasing of PBC². Since ammonium fixation decreased a little amount as –△NH₄² increased, there was no significant correlation between –△NH₄² and PBC² could be found in the presence of K⁺. thus, the correlation between PBC² and ammonium fixation was not influenced by the amount of ammonium on general adsorptive sites of clay surface. Consequently, the relationship between PBC² and ammonium fixation becomes more significant than that of PBC¹ and ammonium fixation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。