頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 溫度對木瓜種子發芽之影響 |
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作 者 | 曾美倉; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 158 1992.06[民81.06] |
頁 次 | 頁29-45 |
分類號 | 435.354 |
關鍵詞 | 木瓜; 發芽; 溫度; 種子; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 以6批經GA₃(gibberelic acid)處理過之木瓜種子為材料,利用漸階溫度板(thermo-gradient plate),在13至39℃溫度全距下,分成13、15、17、19、21、23、25、27、29、31、33、35、37及39℃等14階恆溫進行發芽試驗。每天調查胚根萌發粒數及下胚軸萌長(發芽)粒數,並求出發芽率、平均發芽時間、平均發芽速率及發芽速率指標,配合logistic equation:Y=Ymax/[1+exp(-k(x-m))]求得理論發芽曲線,同時估算50%發芽之發芽速率,試驗目的在於探討木瓜種子發芽之最低、最適及最高三種基本溫度(cardinal temperature)。試驗結果胚根萌發理論最低溫度,依平均胚根萌發速率及依50%胚根萌發速率推算結果分別為7.2~8.6℃(8.2±0.2℃)及9.5~10.8℃(10.0±0.2℃)。在15~27℃溫度範圍,50%胚根萌發所需溫度時間(thermal time, ℃d)為106.6(±3.6)℃d。胚根萌發的最高溫度可大於37℃但小於39℃,而下胚軸萌長則只高於35℃但比37℃為低。低溫或高溫條件時對下胚軸萌長的影響比胚根萌發為大。以發芽速率觀之,胚根萌發及下胚軸伸長的最是溫度均為27℃,在此適溫下,置床後至50%胚根萌發所需時間為6.2~8.9天,至50%下胚軸萌長則需9.2~11.4天。試驗結果認為經GA₃處理後之木瓜種子,其胚根及下胚軸萌芽生長之適合溫度範圍為21~29%。 |
英文摘要 | The germination of six seed lots of papaya with pretreatment of gibberelic acid was carried out on a thermo-gradient plate. The temperature range for germination, 13 and 39℃, was divided into 14 classes with interval of 2℃ between consecutive classes. Daily appearance of radicle emergence and hypocotyl elongation were recorded. Percentage germination, mean germination time, mean germination rate, germination rate index, and rate to 50% germination as estimated by logitic equation were calculated to figure out the base, optimum and maximum temperatures of germination. The results showed that for papaya seeds, the minimum temperatures for germination were 8.2±0.2℃ or 10.0±0.2℃ as estimated by mean radicle emergence rate and rate to 50% radicle emergence, respectively. The thermo time of 50% radicle emergence was 106.6(±0.36) degree-days(℃d) within temperature range of 15-27℃. The maximum temperature for the radicle emergence was between 37-39℃, while that for the hypocotyl elongation was between 35-37℃. Extreme temperatures retarded hypocotyl elongation more significantly than radicle emergence. The optimum temperature for rate of germination was 27℃, under which it took 6.2-8.9 days to reach 50% radicle emergence, 9.2-11.4 days to reach 50% hypocotyl elongation. It was concluded that, with pretreatment of gibberelic acid, constant temperatures within the range of 21-29℃ were suitable for both radicle emergence and hypocotyl elongation. |
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