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| 題 名 | 「面子」壓力與其因應行為 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 朱瑞玲; | 書刊名 | 國家科學委員會研究彙刊. 人文及社會科學 |
| 卷 期 | 1:1 1991.01[民80.01] |
| 頁 次 | 頁14-31 |
| 分類號 | 541.86 |
| 關鍵詞 | 行為; 面子; 壓力; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究假設:個人對面子的需求是從社會中逐漸學習而來。因為社會的強調,「 面子」一詞可以成為一個人社會行為的評斷標準,所以是面子文化中普遍而常用的概念,文 化的差異會反映在對不同面子事件的重視程度。此外,面子需求會影響個人對情境中面子威 脅性的知覺以及事後採取的因應行為。本研究有三個目的:(1)廣泛地收集中國人的面子 經驗,過濾出重要的面子需求與面子整飾行為的向度;(2)探討中國社會中,「丟臉」與 「沒面子」兩項面子現象的差異特性;(3)瞭解面子需求如何影響個人知覺到的情境面子 威脅與事後整飾反應。經由三項實徵研究,發現有四種重要面子事件,分別是能力失敗,品 德問題,行為失誤(或尊嚴受損),及性道德事件;因素分析結果亦抽出四種事先避免面子 行為與七種事後挽回面子的行為。而「臉」、「面」二詞在概念上要比經驗上容易辨別,丟 臉的嚴重性較沒面子為高。面子需求與社會取向成就動機雖不影響個人成就評估或期望,但 直接關係到對成敗經驗後的因應措施。 |
| 英文摘要 | Using a conceptual analytical model of face operation to collect empirical data on Chinese 'face' knowledge, which includes categories of face-threatening events, face-avoiding behavior beforehand, face-saving behavior afterwards, and emotional reactions to face-losing situations. There are four relatively orthogonal factors in face-threat events:ability or social status, ethic or general morality, propriety of behavior or dignity, and sexual morality. Among college students, there are distinctly four and seven types of face-work beforehand and afterwards, respectively. In an experimental situation, college students with either higher face need or higher socialoriented achievement motives sensed more face-threatening during an ability test situation, and attributed their performance more to external-unstable reasons (luck or difficulty of task). The effects of these two social-oriented motives on self-evaluation of performance and expectation were not found. Findings confirm the causal relationship between the threat to face and coping behavior. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。