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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 重金屬對內生菌根及砂耕玉蜀黍生長之影響 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 趙震慶; 王銀波; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 152 1990.12[民79.12] |
頁次 | 頁34-45 |
分類號 | 434.147 |
關鍵詞 | 內生菌根; 玉蜀黍; 生長; 砂耕; 重金屬; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 重金屬汙染土壤後,VA菌根對作物生長與重金屬吸收,及對菌根菌在此種土壤生態環境中所受之影響,應有詳加評估之必要。本研究先探討不同農的銅、鋅、鉻、鎳、鎘及鉛等六種重金屬,對菌根菌感染砂耕作物根系及在根系內生長之差異,然再探討接種菌根菌於不同重金屬和濃度下,對作物生質量、磷吸收量及重金屬分佈之影響。 於植物營養液中添加重金屬量,為臺灣省工礦放流水標準中所列重金屬最高濃度之十分之一時,均會造成菌根菌感染根長之減少,並隨所添加重金屬濃度增加而減少感染根長。玉蜀黍生質量隨重金屬濃度增加而減少。地上部生質量接種菌根菌與否無顯著差異,根部生質量且因接種而減少。不論接種VA菌根菌與否,地上部含磷量於施用高濃度重金屬時會顯著的減少,鋅、銅、鉻的抑制力強於鎳、鎘及鉛,但根部含磷量各種金屬處理間無差異。植體中重金屬濃度及全株吸收量隨重金屬使用濃度增加而增加,在根部之濃度顯著高於地上部,根部與地上部所含重金屬濃度之比值,鋅最低鉻與鉛較高。接種菌根菌後對玉蜀黍吸收重金屬之效應,視重金屬種類及植體部位不同各具稀釋或濃縮之效應。 |
英文摘要 | Farm soils irrigated with polluted water increase their heavy metals contents. Heavy metals probably will be strongly toxic to crops, inhibit the formation of mycorrhizae, and affect the phosphorus nutrition of the host plant. The purpose of this study were to determine the effects of various concentration of heavy metals on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and phosphate uptake, investigate the distribution of heavy metals, and the mycorrhizae infection of corn roots in the sand culture. Maize plant inoculated with or without Glomus mosseae in the sand culture, then irrigated with a low P(0.1-0.3mM) and 1/4 to 1/5 strength of modified Long Ashton nutrient solution (pH 6.5), which contained different amounts of Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Cd. Six-weeks after sowing, plants were harvested and determined fro biomass, length of mycorrhizal infected roots, and the contents of phosphate and heavy metals. The results showed that the percentages of the length of infected roots and dry biomass were reduced by the addition of heavy metals, and also decreased as the concentration of heavy metals increased. The contents and concentrations of phosphate in corn above ground portion significantly reduced at higher concentrated of heavy metals culture. Zinc, copper and chromium were much more inhibitory the phosphate contents in the plant tissue than other heavy metals. The heavy metals contents in plant tissue increased as the concentrations of heavy metals in nutrient solution increased. The concentrations and contents of heavy metals in roots were two to seventeen times higher than in above ground portion. Among the heavy metals examined, lead and chromium have the highest ratio in the roots then in the above ground portion, while as zinc had the lowest ratio. The effect of the dilution or concentration of Gloums mosseae on the uptake of heavy metals by maize in sandculture, were determined by kinds of heavy metals used and which parts of the maize plant examined. |
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