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題名 | 豬隻飼料鎚碎與壓碎加工之比較(1):玉米飼糧不同加工方法之顆粒度對飼料能量效率與肉豬生長性能之影響 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 吳繼芳; 鄭清森; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 146 1989.06[民78.06] |
頁次 | 頁51-58 |
分類號 | 437.654 |
關鍵詞 | 加工; 玉米; 生長; 肉豬; 性能; 能量; 飼料; 飼糧; 豬隻; 壓碎; 顆粒度; 鎚碎; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 為探討肉豬飼糧中玉米使用鎚碎機與壓碎機及其兩種不同的顆粒度,以觀其對飼料能量效率、生長性能之影響,特選用64頭,公母各半,體重為20.5公斤雜交豬,並按性別與體重逢機分配至各處理與重複。分別飼餵以玉米、大豆粕為主肉豬飼糧配方。四個試驗處理包括兩種不同的加工方法(鎚碎與壓碎)與兩種不同的顆粒度,其中較小者(直徑為757-890 μm)與較大者(直徑為1,284-1,368 μm)同時進行探討與比較。 玉米或飼糧之幾何平均顆粒直徑與幾何標準機差,其中以顆粒度較大者極顯著的(P<0.01)高於顆粒度較小者,而表面積則相反。在生產率、粉碎效率及眞效率方面,以壓碎與顆粒度較大者極顯著的(P<0.01)高於鎚碎與顆粒度較小者。豬隻平均隻日增重與屠體各項性能,各處理之間差異不顯著。飼料攝食量乃以壓碎與顆粒度較小者顯者的(P<0.05)低於鎚碎與顆粒度較大者。而飼料利用效率則以顆粒度較小者極顯著的(P<0.01)高於顆粒度較大者而獲得改善。 壓碎在改善飼料利用效率與飼料加工過程中粉碎玉米之能量消耗比鎚碎分別獲得改善1.6%與節省25.7%。顆粒度較大者(1,284-1,368 μm)在飼料加工過程中粉碎玉之能量消耗比顆粒度較小者(757-890 μm)節省66.8%;然而在改善飼料利用效率上顆粒度較小者則比顆粒度較大者降低5.1%。 因此本試驗結果建議養豬生產者與飼料製造者在肉豬飼糧中粉碎玉米應該使用壓碎,以降低生產成本。 |
英文摘要 | A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of particle size of different processing methods of corn diets on energy efficiency and performance of growing-finishing pigs. Sixty-four crossbred pigs, averaging 20.5 kg each, were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with replications based on sex and weight. The corn-soybean meal diets were formulated. Four treatments were used, involving two processing methods, the hammermill and the roller mill, and two particle sizes, the smaller (757-890μm in diameter) and the larger (1284-1368μm in diameter). Geometric mean particle diameter and geometric standard deviation of corn or diets of the larger particle size groups were higher (P<0.01) than for the smaller size groups. Surface area, however, was lower (P<0.01) in larger particle size groups. Production rate, grinding efficiency and true efficiency of the roller mill and larger particle size groups were greater (P<0.01) than for the hammermill and smaller particle size groups. Average daily gain and carcass characteristics of pigs were not influenced by particle size with any processing methods. Feed intake of pigs of the roller mill and smaller particle size groups was less (P<0.05) than in the hammermill and larger particles size groups. Pigs of the smaller particle size groups showed a better (P<0.01) feed efficiency than those of the larger particle size groups. The roller mill improved feed efficiency by 1.6% and required 25.7% less energy fro grinding corn than the hammermill. The processing of the larger particle size groups (1,284-1,368μm) required 66.8% less energy than that of the smaller particle size groups (757-890μm); however, the smaller particle size groups improved feed efficiency by 5.1% compared to the larger particle size groups. The results suggest that pig producers and feed manufacturers should use the roller mill to prepare diets for growing-finsihing pigs in order to reduce the production cost. |
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