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題名 | Rhizobium loti Nif 94A[feb0]在不同石灰用量酸土中的移動與競爭對銀合歡成瘤作用之影響 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 趙震慶; 楊秋忠; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 137 1987.03[民76.03] |
頁次 | 頁21-33 |
分類號 | 434.22 |
關鍵詞 | 石灰; 成瘤作用; 移動; 酸土; 銀合歡; 競爭; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 根瘤菌在豆科植物根系能否形成根瘤,是取決於菌株在土壤中的移動及其與土生性根瘤菌間的競爭能力。本研究之目的在於調查Rhizobium loti Nif 94A₃在施用不同石灰量的酸土中,其移動及競爭能力對銀合歡成瘤作用與固氮能力之影響,以評估是否需要二次接種。 新化酸土用石灰調整到pH5.4及pH6.6,種植薩爾瓦多K₈品系銀合歡,分別接種用Vincent氏培養基(用甘露醇為碳源,殺菌後pH為6.60)及Cassman等氏培養基(用半乳醣及阿拉伯醣為碳源,殺菌後pH為5.35)培養之R. loti Nif 94A₃,連同對照共六處理,各處理三重覆。生育期中調查土壤pH的變化及株高。植後140天調查固氮活性,根瘤數及鮮瘤重。用直接酵素聯繫抗體分析法(ELISA)鑑定銀合歡根瘤中的R. loti Nif 94A₃菌系。 薩爾瓦多型銀合歡K₈品系種子用濃硫酸預措時間以15分鐘為宜。盆栽六個處理間,銀合歡的莖重、固氮活性及平均瘤重均以高石灰用量土壤(1g石灰/kg風乾土)較低石灰用量土壤(0.1g石灰/kg風乾土)顯著增加。於植後140天兩種培養基培養的R. loti Nif 94A₃菌株,在施石灰的新化酸土中競爭能力很弱,所形成的根瘤僅佔總瘤數的5.79-10.04%,而在土壤中只移動10-15公分,視土壤pH而異。菌種培養基質在pH6.6時,與土壤施石灰後的pH相同,有助根瘤菌在土壤中的競爭能力,而增加固氮活性,但在土壤中移動的距離較pH相異時為短。140天生長期中,銀合歡根系生長可達30公分以上,而菌移動僅10-15公分,本文中銀合歡莖重,接種效果不著,可能此亦是原因之一,為提高接種效率,田間種植銀合歡時,需要二次接種。 |
英文摘要 | The successful nodulation in the root system of the legume is determined by the movement of the rhizobia strain and the competitive ability of the strain to compete with native rhizobia in the soil. The purposes of this research are to study the influence of two defined media on Rhizobium loti Nif 94A₃ in its movement, competition, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation of leucaena in an acid soil with different liming rates, and in order to make a further evaluation on the necessity for a second inoculation of rhizobia for leucaena plants. Hsinhua acid soil adjusted with lime to pH 5.4 and 6.6 is planted with leucaena Salvador type-K 8 cultivar with two sources of R. loti Nif 94A₃ cultured in Vincent's medium (using mannitol as C-source, pH6.60 after being autoclaved) and Cassman's medium (using galactose and arbinose as C-source, pH 5.35 after being autoclaved) and Cassman's medium (using galactose and arbinose as C-source, pH 5.35 after being autoclaved). The change in soil pH and the height of the plants were measured during the growth period. Nitrogen-fixing activity, nodule number and fresh nodule weight in the leucaena roots were measured at 140 days after planting. A direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay had been used to identify strain of R. loti Nif 94A₃ in leucaena nodules in this experiment. The results showed that leucaena seeds can be scarified satisfactorily by immersion of seeds for 15 min in concentrate sulfuric acid. Dry biomass, average nodule weight, and nitrogen-fixing activity of leucaena plant in the soil with a higher rate of lime (pH 6.6, 1g lime/kg dry soil) were superior to those in soil with a lower rate of lime (pH 5.4, 0.1g lime/kg dry soil). However, the nodule number per plant in lower liming soil was larger than that in higher liming soil. From the various rates lime and sources of rhizobia treatment of leucaena in the pot experiment, there was no significant difference in the plant height and nodule weight. The competition of R. loti Nif 94A₃ with native rhizobia was very weak in Hsinhua liming soil, only 5.79-10.04% of the total number of nodules. During 140 days growth period, the movement of inoculated R. loti Nif 94A₃ in Hsinhua liming soil was only 10-15 cm. The movement distance of R. loti Nif 94A₃ in the same pH of soil and rhizobial medium for pre-incubation was shorter than in the different pH and pre-incubation of rhizobia. The results in this study implicated that a second inoculation is nessary to increase the nodulation and nitrogen-fixing activity of leucaena plant for a selective Rhizobium. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。