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題 名 | 學習前的教材組織提示與考試技巧對語文閱讀理解之影響研究 |
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作 者 | 張德榮; | 書刊名 | 輔導學報 |
卷 期 | 8 1985.03[民74.03] |
頁 次 | 頁145-172 |
分類號 | 521.12 |
關鍵詞 | 考試; 技巧; 教材; 組織; 語文; 閱讀; 學習; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 在教學上,為使學生獲得最佳的學習及能表現較佳的學習效果,教材提供「前階組織」的輔助提示可能有促進學生統合新舊學習之功能,而教師培養學生的「考試技巧」似亦有助他們達到較高學習成績之可能。本研究以語文學習為題材,探究兩者可能對學生語文閱讀理解之影響。 以大學語文系三、四年級男女生八十一名,按學業平均成績配對隨機分配至三組 (各廿七人) 接受不同實驗處理。「前階組織」組學生以學習附有學習輔助教材提示的語文閱讀教材為主。「測驗技巧」組接受特殊考試技巧訓練並達到規定標準,但僅給予無前階學習提示之語文閱讀教材學習「控制」組則無任何特殊訓練,閱讀無前階提示之相同教材。 在考試技巧之評鑑上,測驗技巧組的成績顯著優于其他兩組,結果支持考試技巧之暫時特性及可訓練性。 在語文閱讀理解測驗上,三組學生的表現顯著不同。前階組織組學生遠比其他兩組的表現為佳。測驗技巧組學生在語文理解測試上似未能收學習移轉之效。 從實質教育來看,本研究的結果顯示提供前階教材組織提示對學生學習新的語文閱讀教材有具體的影響力,可促進學生對新舊學習知識之統合。研究者建議教師們宜有效地廣泛運用前階輔助教材組織的觀念到個別的學科領域的教導上,以促進學生們的學習效果。 |
英文摘要 | Both Ausubel's advance organizer and test-wiseness have been proclaimed to promote learners' prose learning achievements. This study was to compare the different effects of using either advance organizer or test-wiseness on reading comprehension. Subjects in this study were 81 junior and senior college students from Dept. of Language Education, NTCE. They were randomly assigned to two experimental and one control groups, each included 27 subjects. One group received an additional paragraph serving as an advance organizer for each of the six comprehension tasks ( The NelsonDenny Reading Test, the Revised Form) for which they were asked to read prior taking the test. The other group received the test-wiseness training program and was tested without the provision of any advance organizer. The third group, the control group, received neither advance organizer nor test-Wiseness training. The results showed that the students who received the test-wiseness training performed better than the other two groups on test-wiseness test. This supports the recency effects and the trainability of the test-wiseness. On reading comprehension posttest, the group which received advance organizer outscored the group that received test-wiseness training and the control group. This study indicates that the advance organizer for the prose material can help the learners integrate new materials into their old knowledge structure. The more frequent use of the advance organizer for different subject matter by teachers is suggested. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。