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題名 | 水稻穀粒發育之生理及生態學研究(1):穎花及穎果生長過程之觀察 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 賴光隆; 戴國興; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 115 1981.09[民70.09] |
頁次 | 頁19-32 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 生理; 生態學; 發育; 穀粒; 穎果; 穎花; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究採用水稻台中65號、台中在來1號、台中秈3號及嘉農秈11號四個品種為材料,觀察其穎花及穎果在發育過程中之變化。所獲結果摘述如下: 1. 穎花之發育因品種與著花部位有異,長粒秈型稻之穎花長度在抽穗前14天?開始急速伸長,於8天前達最大。短粒品種亦於抽穗前14天開始生長,但速率較遲緩,而於6天前方達最大。就不同穎花部位言,由上位往中、下位漸次發育,其最大速率之出現順序亦同。 2. 穎果長、寬及厚度之發育,各品種均甚類似,長度最早,寬度其次,厚度於最後達至最大值。 3. 供試四品種中,穎果長度以台中65號最短,台中秈3號最長,寬度則相反,故前者之粒形短圓,後者則呈長粒形,與其發育特性密切相關。 4. 穎果厚度及粒重之變化為最值得重視之品種間特性。秈型稻於開花後12~16天,厚度與粒重?達最大程度,而?型稻台中65號此時仍繼續增加,約20~24天達到最大。 5. 不同部位穎果之粒重增加速率不一,上位者之最大速率出現於抽穗後第8天;中位者於16~24天,下位者則於第24~28天。供試四品種大致相同。 6. 穀粒之發育顯示有兩個重要之期間,其一為抽穗前二星期,穎花之長、寬迅速增加期;另一為抽穗後四星期,穎果長、寬、厚及重量增加期。 7. 供試四水稻品種,其穎果重量與厚度之變化具極顯著之相關。 |
英文摘要 | The experiment was carried out to observe the developmental process of spikelet and caryopsis on the panicle. Four rice varieties including Taichung 65 (japonica, short-grain). Taichung Native 1 (indica, short-grain), Taichung-sen 3 (indica, long-grain), and Chianung-sen 11 (indica, long-grain) were used in this study. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The development of spikelet varied among varieties and positions on the panicle. The elongation of spikelet of all tested varieties started quickly on the 14th day, and reached its maximum on the 8th day for long-grain indica and 6th day for japonica and short-grain indica before heading, respectively. 2. All tested rice varieties showed similar tendency in the development of caryopsis shape, and reached its maximum value in the order of length, width and thickness. 3. Taichung 65 showed the greater in width and shortest in length of caryopsis, and Taichung-sen 3 was in evidence to the contrary among tested varieties. 4. The tendency of the increase in caryopsis weight and thickness was the most remarkable character among tested varieties. The weight and thickness of indica rice caryopsis reached maximum at 12-16th day after heading, but japonica rice Taichung 65 reached its maximum state at 20-24th day after heading. 5. The increasing rate of caryopsis weight was different depending on the positions of spikelet of the panicle. The upper, middle and lower caryopsis reached maximum rated on 8th, 16-24th and 24-28th day after heading, respectively. 6. There were two important stages during the development of rice grain in both japonica and indica types. The first stage was two weeks before heading mainly for spikelet elongation. The second stage was four weeks after heading mainly for caryopsis formation and weight increase of grains. 7. All four tested rice varieties showed a very high correlation between the changes of caryopsis weight and thickness. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。