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頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | 省產糊化澱粉尿素飼養價值之評估 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 陳茂墻; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
| 卷 期 | 103 1978.09[民67.09] |
| 頁 次 | 頁94-103 |
| 關鍵詞 | 尿素; 省產; 飼養價值; 糊化澱粉; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 一九六七年前後美國研究成功將高粱粉與尿素混合在適當的溼度,溫度將澱粉質糊化並以適當壓力擠壓成條狀之含高氮飼料稱為Starea(澱粉尿素)可作為反芻動物蛋白質補充。近年我國工業技術研究院也以甘藷籤或樹薯簽為材料製成類似的產品,但製造條件與美國的有所不同,是故其價值如何有加以評估的必要,以比較其與大豆粉、尿素間之差異。試驗I與II利用?管牛二對以併對反轉之方法比較大豆粉,尿素與省產Starea在瘤胃內釋放氨的速率。這二個試驗牛隻之日糧包括四公斤精料與二公斤牧草(乾物),精料以大豆粉、尿素(2%)或Starea(12%)為蛋白質補充。試驗I比較尿素與Starea;試驗II比較Starea與大豆粉。結果二個試驗均在飼後的2小時瘤胃內氨之濃度最高,此時尿素組為43.21mg NH3-N/100 ml,比飼養前增加1.80倍;Starea組為39.74mg 以飼養增加0.68倍,差異不顯著;大豆粉組為20.86mg 比飼養前增加0.12倍,Starea組為32.64 mg比飼養前增加1.26倍,差異顯著(P<0.01)。試驗III與IV是飼養試驗以精料限食,粗料任食比較以大豆粉、尿素或Starea作為蛋白質補充之效果,大豆粉組精料含大豆粉33%,尿素組精料含尿素4.3%,Starea組精料含Starea 24.5%,如此非蛋白氮取代精料氮的60%。試驗III以閹公牛12頭平均體重295公斤分為三組,平均每頭給與精料2公斤,經84天飼養結果大豆粉組、尿素組、Starea組平均之體重率(kg)與乾草攝取量(kg)分別為0.402, 6.956; 0.244, 5.911; 0.473, 6.479。試驗IV以小公牛18頭平均體重219公斤,分為三組,平均每頭每天給與精料2.2公斤,經98天飼養結果,大豆粉組、尿素組、Starea組之平均增重率(kg)與乾草攝取量(kg)分別為0.82a, 4.25; 0.37c, 3.06; 0.52b, 3.81。大豆粉組與其他二組之差異顯著,Starea組與尿素組間之差異亦達顯著水準。試驗V利用生長母牛6頭平均體重287公斤,給與定量之乾草與精料(飼養試驗所用)以便進行代謝試驗。第一期試驗21天,最後7天收集糞尿並由頸靜脈取血;第二期試驗將牛隻重新分配為不同之處理。結果大豆粉組、尿素組、Starea組之乾草攝取量(kg)分別為5.697, 5.774, 5.898。乾物質、粗蛋白、粗纖維的消化(%)分別為67.39, 64.09, 67.18; 72.76, 68.15, 71.20; 69.35, 65.45, 68.54。氨的滯留量(%)分別為64.37, 61.65, 64.33。血液中尿素量分別為6.119, 7.508, 6.336 mg/100ml。 |
| 英文摘要 | A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of gelatinization of urea-sweet potato meal (GUSP) which has been produced locally by Industrial Technology Research Institute in Taiwan. Two pairs of fistulated cattle was used in Experiment I and II to determine the rumen ammonia releasing rate of concentrate contained soybean meal (SBM) or partial replacement of SBM by urea (U) or GUSP, in both experiment, cattle were fed 4 kg of concentrate and 2 kg of grass (DM). In Experiment I, U-and GUSP-containing concentrate were compared, in Experiment II, SBM-and GUSP-containing concentrate were compared. The rumen ammonia reach a peak at 2 hours post feeding, where the SBM-containing ration was released significantly (p<0.01) slower than that of GUSP-containing ration; the GUSP-containing ration released ammonia slower than that of U-containing ration, but the difference was not significant. Two feeding trial were conducted to compare the feeding value of SBM, urea, GUSP as protein supplements, Twelve Holstein dominated steers averaged 295 kg were used in Experiment IV, pangola grass hay was used in both experiment for ad libitum, 2 and 2.25 kg of concentrate daily per head was fed in Experiment I and II respectively. The feeding period was 83 days and 98 days respectively for Experiment III and IV. The average daily gain (kg) and hay consumption were 0.402, 6.956; 0.244, 5.911; 0.473, 6.479 respectively for SBM-. U- and GUSP-containing ration in Experiment III; and 0.82, 4.25; 0.37, 3.06; 0.52, 5.81 respectively in Experiment IV. The animals received SBM performed significant better than other two rations in Experiment IV, also, the feeding value of GUSP was better than urea. Results from metabolism studies (Experiment V) appeared that the effect of GUSP on the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen retention of blood urea level was similar to SBM, but urea was inferior to SBM in these aspects. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。