頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 油菜主要農藝性狀之遺傳 |
---|---|
作者 | 盧煌勝; 陳成; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 99 1977.09[民66.09] |
頁次 | 頁22-31 |
關鍵詞 | 油菜; 農藝性狀; 遺傳; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 以加拿大引進之晚熟低芥酸含量品種Tower及本地早熟高芥酸含量品種新竹2號作為親本,於1974年冬雜交產生F1種子,於1975年夏利用人工氣候室(15/20℃)獲得F2種子,1975年冬開始進行本試驗: (一)由平均值,標準機差及變異係數分析結果顯示:親本的產量及千粒重稍優於新竹2號;而其出性狀如株型、成熟期、株高、每莢粒數則以新竹2號較適合本省裏作栽培條件。由F2變方分析結果顯示,產量受環境影響最大,株高最小而為穩定性狀。 (二)成熟期、株高及每莢粒數的遺傳率皆高,子實產量的遺傳率最低(0.0167),易受環境影響,故高產育種目標較為複雜及困難。 (三)F1的雜種優勢以產量性狀最高(45.17%),株高及千粒重為部份顯性,而每莢粒數,有呈負的雜種優勢表現。由此推測:欲提高油菜子實產量,雜種油菜品種之育成亦為另一解決途徑。 (四)株型間其他性狀之變異分析比較結果得知:欲使成熟期,每莢粒數及株高都得到一最適組合,選拔株型IV者最為有利。 (五)由相關表得知:欲獲高產量的最適選拔是:晚熟、高株、每莢粒數多等性狀。但限於裏作栽培制度配合,成熟期晚者必不能被採納。 (六)F2分離族?之產量及其他性狀之複?歸方程式為:y=-20.4589+4.2379x1+2.6533x2+0.1815x3+0.2655x4-0.0221x5 複?歸方程式中除千粒重外,其他性狀各淨?歸係數皆達極顯著效應。 (七)路徑係數及相關成分分析結果,顯示在雜交後代中,單株產量的變異,受株型及株高性狀的控制頗大,相關係數顯示:株高較穩定,如欲提高產量必須由株型選拔。 |
英文摘要 | (1) The results of mean, standard error of mean and coefficient of variation analysis indicated that the yield and wt. 1000-seed of parent "Tower" are higher than "Hsin-chu No. 2". Results also show that other agronomic characters such as plant types, time of maturity, plant height and no. of seeds per pod of Hsin-chu No. 2 are more suitable for conditions of paddy land cultivation in Taiwan. ANOVA of F2 population indicates that yield character is mostly affected by enviromnental factors. Whereas plant height is least affected by environmental factors and is a stable character. (2) All the heritabilities of the time of maturity, plant height and no. of seeds per pod reach the significant level. Heritability of yield, which is easily affected by environmental factors is the lowest (0.0167). Therefore, it is very complicated and difficult to fulfill the object for high yield breeding. (3) The F1 heterosis of yield is the highest (45.17%) among characters investigated. Heterosis of plant height and wt. of 1000-seed is partially dominant. Negative heterosis is found in no. of seeds per pod. Judging by these, we infer that developing a hybrid rapeseed variety is also another approach to increase yield. (4) In order to get the best combination of period of maturity, no. of seeds per pod and plant height, selection of plant type no. 4 is recommended. (5) From the correlation analysis table, it is realized that selecting plant with latermaturity, high plant height and more seed-set per pod are the most probable way to get high yield. However, due to the cultivation system in Taiwan, plants with late maturity character should be excluded. (6) The multiple regression equation of the yield and other characters of F2 population is y=-20.4589 +4.2379x1 +2.6533x2 +0.1815x3 +0.2655x4 -0.0221x5. In this equation, the partial regression coefficients of every characters (except wt. of 1000-seed) are highly significant. (7) The results of path analysis indicate that the variation of the yield of the single plant in the hybrid offsprings is highly controlled by plant types and plant height. The coefficient of correlation shows that plant height is a much stable character. Therefore, if high yield is expected, selection of plant types should be considered. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。