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題 名 | 蕉園覆蓋作物之毒性與毒質鑑定 |
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作 者 | 吳敏慧; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 90 1975.06[民64.06] |
頁 次 | 頁54-63 |
關鍵詞 | 毒性; 毒質; 蕉園; 覆蓋作物; 鑑定; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 坡地蕉園種植山珠兒豆為覆蓋作物,對水土保持頗見成效,然香蕉生長則受抑制。本試驗之目的在探求作物是否具有植物毒質,乃採其與大葉爬地藍及百喜草一并對照試驗,利用此三種植物之水浸液添加營養液中培養綠藻、浮萍、萵苣及其他十二種高等作物,分別作生物檢定之毒性試驗,並各覆蓋作物之植物毒植分析。發現山珠兒豆莖葉、根及根圈土均顯毒性,以莖葉毒性最強,大葉爬地藍次之,百喜草則否。用濾紙色析法作九種具毒酚類化合物之鑑定,結果顯示山珠兒豆莖葉所含之酚類化合物不但種類較多,為量亦多,尤以p-hydroxybenzoic及vanillic acids為多。砂耕液中p-hydroxybenzoic 80 μmol/100 ml栽培香蕉組織培養之幼苗與山珠兒豆覆蓋土浸出液栽培者抑制作用相同(27%)。然而,土壤中酚酸可與腐植物質作用,對香蕉生長究有多大毒害尚難斷言。綜上觀之,蕉園栽培山珠兒豆為覆蓋作物或用為敷蓋後之香蕉生長不良,顯與山珠兒豆莖葉所含之植物毒植有關,目前所推行之百喜草之植物毒植則最低。 |
英文摘要 | It is generally observed that growing centrosema as cover crop could provide good conservation on banana plantation. However, the growth of banana is seen inhibited. The purpose of this experiment is to explore the possible presence of phytotoxin on the part of the plant. Another two cover crops, indigofera and bahia grass, were used for comparison in the experiment. Toxicity of the test cover crops was detected by bioassay techniques upon green algae, duck week, lettuce and 12 other higher plants. It revealed that aqueous extract of stems, leaves, roots and rhizosphere soil of centrosema were toxic, expecially most toxic in stems and leaves while those of indigofera were less and bihia grass negative. Nine phenolic compounds were to be detected by paper chromatography. Centrosema possessed highest p-hydroxybenzoic and vanillic acids. Cultivation of young sprouts of banana by adding 80 μ mole/ 100ml of p-hydroxybenzoic acid had the same inhibitory effect (27%) as the aqueous extract of soil mulched with centrosema. It is, however, difficult to say how serious damage the phenolic acid in soil could do to the banana, as the former could react immediately then contacting with the soil humic substances. Summing up the above, it is obvious that some phytotoxins which are mainly leached out from leaves and stems of centrosema by rainfall and accumulate in the soil may cause poor growth of banana. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。