頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 合成單位歷線法應用於推估未設站高山集水區流量之研究=Application of Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Method in Streamflow Estimation for Ungaged Headwater Watersheds |
---|---|
作 者 | 陳文福; 葉全德; | 書刊名 | 水土保持學報 |
卷 期 | 29:4 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁 次 | 頁317-335 |
分類號 | 436.124 |
關鍵詞 | 集水區; 合成單位歷線; HEC-1水文模式; 水文均勻性檢定; 尖峰流量; 流量歷線; Watershed; Synthetic unit hydrograph; HEC-1 hydrologic model; Hydrologic homogeneity test; Peak flow; Hyddrograph; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究以大甲溪上游的合歡溪集水區為試區,由之合成單位歷線法,結合HEC-1水文模式之程式組進行流量歷線推估。先進行區域水文均勻性檢定,以南湖溪、環山合流點、松茂、七家灣、四季郎等五個流量站的控制集水區均通過檢定。另外因受限於HEC-1水文模式僅能計算五個雨量站降雨資料的限制,僅以七家灣、南湖溪、畢祿溪11及12號集水區推求Snyder標準單位歷線之稽延時間t�洁A並據以推估合歡溪集水區的流量歷線。根據t�炱嬤D之結果發現,一個集水區的t�洠禱D定值,而與一場暴雨中的一小時最大降雨強度I具反比關係。將區內8場暴雨的一小時最大降雨強度,代入七家灣、南湖、合歡溪、畢祿溪11、12號集水區的t�牰PI間的迴歸方程式中,求得8場暴雨的t�洁A再將此t�洏N入HEC-1中進行流量歷線推估。發現以畢祿溪11號集水區求出的t�洬珣嬰籅熊痕G最好;其中8場暴雨的總流量體積之推估的平均誤差為0.14%,所推估尖峰流量之平均誤差為0.51%,推估之洪峰到達時間的平均誤差為3.38小時。而由其它各集水區所得推估歷線的誤差,其總流量體積平均在0.5%以內,尖峰流量平均在5%以內,而洪峰到達時間的平均誤差約5小時。因此,若以Snyder單位歷線法估測未設站集水區的流量歷線,可就包含此集水區在內的水文均勻性區域,由其它已站設集水區求得t�牰PI的關係,以未設站集水區一場暴雨的一小時最大降雨強度反求此集水區的t�洁A加上實際雨量資料,然後代入HEC-1模式中即可求取此場暴雨之流量歷線。 |
英文摘要 | snyder's Unit Hydrographs method and HEC-1 Hydrological Model were used to estimate hydrolographs for the unguaged Hohuan Creek Watershed at the upstream of Tachia River. Data from adjacent gauged watersheds of Nanhu, Huanshan Junction, Songmao, Chichiawan, Szuchzilan passed teh hydrologic homogeneity test. On the other hand, hydrographs estimation with HEC-1 Model has a number limitation of only five rainfall stations. The lag time t�� of Snyder's Unit Hydrograph was determined with data from Chichiawan, Nanhu, PL11 nad PL12 watersheds to estimate the hydrograph in Hohuan Creek watershed. It was found that the t�� is not a constant in a watershed. It was inversely to hourly maximum rainfall intensity I during storm. The intensities of eight storm events of Chichiawan Creek, Nanhu Creek, NO.11 and NO.12 watersheds were used to develop the regression equation between t�� and I. The t �� values calculated from the derived equation were used to estimate the hydrographs with HEC-1 Model. Best results were obtained with values calculated from PL11 regression equation. It showed that among those those eight storm events the average errors for estimated volume, peak flow and the time of peak flow were 0.14%,0.51% and 3.38 hours respectively. The mean errors of estimated hydrographs with equations derived from other gauged watershed were less than 0.5% in the volume of flow, less than 5% in the peak flow and about 5 hours in the time of peak flow respectively. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。