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題 名 | 數種旱地作物氣孔開閉習性之研究--氣孔運動與天氣、栽植時期、生長期及土壤水分之關係 |
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作 者 | 陳清義; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 68 1969.12[民58.12] |
頁 次 | 頁1-11 |
關鍵詞 | 土壤水分; 天氣; 生長期; 旱地作物; 栽植時期; 氣孔開閉習性; 氣孔運動; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 作者利用自行設計之電動式氣孔計,研究香蕉、玉蜀黍、甘藷及高粱等作物之氣孔運動與栽植期、生長期及土壤水分之關係,獲得如下結果: (一)作物之氣孔運動,在一日中之變化情形,因栽植期不同而有顯著差異,?夏作高粱之氣孔開度較秋冬作者顯著。 (二)香蕉之氣孔開度因生長時期不同而發生差異,生長中期之香蕉,其在同一天所測定的氣孔總開度,僅為生育初期香蕉之約10%。 (三)同一株香蕉生長至中期時,其氣孔開度減至生長初期時之27%。 (四)同時測定數種作物,其氣孔運動之作物種類間的差異極明顯。 (五)氣孔之活動力受土壤含水量多寡之影響。在鳳梨,栽植於土壤水分20.8%及24.7%(對乾土重%)者,其氣孔最活耀,而土壤水分高或低於此者,其氣孔開度均顯著減少,高粱亦具有同一趨勢。 (六)經斷水處理後,高粱及玉蜀黍之氣孔開度均隨土壤水分之減少而急減,氣孔開度減半期均發生在高於水分當量的土壤水分下,而有效水分之上半部消失時,高粱及玉黍蜀之氣孔均接近於完全失去活動能力的狀態。 |
英文摘要 | A study of stomatal movement was made on pineapple, banana, soybean, peanut, Kaoliang, and maize. With the exception of pineapple, the daily movement, or the time cours of stomatal opening was similar among these crops, and was in parallel to the time course of solar radiation. Stomata began to open at 8 A.M. reaching a maximal degree of opening at around 11 A.M. to 3 P.M., depending on the species, then began to close at 4 P.M.; they were fully closed after 6 P.M. A reverse situation existed in pineapple: the stomata were closed from 9 A.M. to 3 P.M., and remained open the later part of the afternoon through the entire evening and the early morning. Stomatal movement was greatly reduced on a rainy day, but only somewhat reduced on a cloudy day (15 to 30% for maize). The young plants of banana (with 10 leaves) were very active in stomatal movement. However, when they reached the middle stage (with 15 leaves), stomatal opening was reduced to only 25% that of the younger plants. Soil moisture contents also influenced the movement. In Kaoliang, when soil moisture was reduced from 23.5% to 13.8% (of the soil dry weight), the degree of opening become one half of the original. For pineapple, soil moisture of 24.7% and 20.8% was optimal for stomatal movement, too low or too high a water content both reduced the opening of stomata. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。