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| 題 名 | 近代日本「農本」概念的歷史考察=A Historical Analysis of the Concept of "Nōhon" in Modern Japan |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 曾寶滿; | 書刊名 | 東亞觀念史集刊 |
| 卷 期 | 22 2024.09[民113.09] |
| 頁 次 | 頁409-448 |
| 專 輯 | 近代世界的形成：概念與實踐 |
| 分類號 | 540.2 |
| 關鍵詞 | 農本; 人文主義; 反資本; 反西方; 總體戰體制; Nōhon-shugi; Agrarianism; Humanism; Anti-capitalism; Anti-Westernism; Total war system; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| DOI | 10.29425/JHIEA.202409_(22).0008 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文聚焦「農本」概念在近代日本的語義變遷，探討「農本」 論述如何受到傳統價值與西方思潮的交互影響。本文指出，日本在 19世紀末至20世紀初的農本論者多為農政官僚、地主與政治家，他 們沿用江戶時代的部分儒教規訓，以農業生產為產業之本，重視食 糧與兵源的穩定，本質上是擁護國家與地主利益的治者論。嗣後伴 隨資本主義的發展、基督教思想的普及，以及社會主義、社會政策 學的發酵，1910年代至1920年代的農本論者，多為評論家、詩人、 社會運動家，他們注重個體的自我實現與人文主義價值，抗拒工 業社會機械式運作下的「原子化個人」，帶有反資本與反西方的特 質。至1930年代初昭和農村恐慌發生後，識者試圖透過共同勞動、 農村自治，摸索一條不同於西洋近代化的新式共同體之路，然而大 正期以來的農本論者多半缺乏實際解決農村經濟問題的政策能力。 在亞洲太平洋戰爭下，「農本」概念被總體戰體制論者將轉化為勤 勞生產、自律，以及各盡本分的論述，陷入與國家社會主義、皇道 哲學的政治共謀關係。 |
| 英文摘要 | This article focuses on the semantic changes of the concept of Nōhon (agriculture as the foundation) in modern Japan, exploring how the discourse of the concept has been influenced by the interplay of traditional values and Western thought. It points out that the proponents of “agriculture as the foundation” from the late 19th century to the early 20th century were primarily agrarian bureaucrats, landlords, and politicians. They inherited certain Confucian morals from the Edo period, viewing agricultural production as the foundation of industry and emphasizing the stability of food supply and military resources. Essentially, this was a theory that supported the interests of the state and landlords. Subsequently, with the development of capitalism, the spread of Christian thought, and the introduction of socialism and social policy studies, the advocates of “agriculture as the foundation” in the 1910s and 1920s were mostly critics, poets, and social activists. They emphasize individual self-realization and humanistic ethos, positioning themselves in opposition to the atomization of the individual under the mechanistic logic of industrial society. This orientation is often characterized by a critical stance toward capitalism and Western modernity. After the rural panic in the early 1930s, intellectuals attempted to explore a new form of community different from Western modernization through collective labor and rural autonomy. However, the proponents since the Taisho era mostly lacked the policy capacity to effectively solve rural economic problems. Under the Asia-Pacific War, the concept of “agriculture as the foundation” was appropriated by total war theorists into discourses of diligent production, self-discipline, and fulfilling one’s duties, falling into a political collusion with state socialism and imperial philosophy. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。