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| 題 名 | 中藥材殘留農藥背景值監測調查=Investigation and Monitoring of the Pesticide Residue Level in Chinese Herbal Medicine |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 顏瑞泓; | 書刊名 | 中醫藥年報 |
| 卷 期 | 13 2024.10[民113.10] |
| 頁 次 | 頁(12)1-(12)42 |
| 分類號 | 414.3 |
| 關鍵詞 | 中藥材; 農藥; 殘留容許量; Herbal medicines; Pesticide; Maximum residue limits; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 研究目的: 本計畫評估中藥材栽培方式、生長特性、國內取食人口、取食方式及取食量,再藉 採集市售之中藥材樣品分析實際農藥殘留情形 (包括殘留農藥種類及出現殘留的頻度), 建立各種中藥材農藥殘留之背景資料,同時亦蒐集各個農藥在國內於各農產品上之殘留 資料進行分析比對,最終研擬中藥材農藥殘留容許量之訂定策略供主管機關參酌。 研究方法: 及此,本計畫於 108 年度諮詢中醫師公會全聯會、台灣製藥工業同業公會及中藥 商全聯會,自衛福部公告之「得供食品原料使用中藥材分類及品項」(草案) 篩選出 15 項中藥材進行農藥殘留檢驗分析,分別為八角茴香、山楂、山藥、百合、肉豆蔻、白豆 蔻、芡實、花椒、枸杞子、砂仁、胡椒、烏梅、菊花、薄荷與薑黃。每項中藥材各採集 20 件樣品進行基原鑑定,確認臺灣中藥典所記載之藥材基原,再以衛福部公告之「食品 中殘留農藥檢驗方法-多重殘留分析方法(五)」進行農藥殘留分析。計畫執行期間舉辦 三場專家會議,邀請國內與中藥材品質以及檢驗相關之產、官、學界出席,共同研討三 個主題分別為「背景資料搜集中藥材品項挑選原則」、「可供中藥材農藥限量標準參考的 限量標準審查原則與流程」及「中藥材農藥殘留檢驗方法研商」,以照顧國民健康與維持 中藥材品質為目標,為中藥材殘留農藥容許量訂定研擬相關策略並凝聚共識。同時整合歷年所調查之中藥材農藥殘留的數據與結果,建置一個可供方便查詢的檔案格式,建立 可立即與各殘留農藥的資料庫相連之連結。 結果與討論: 最後,依年度執行成果合併前期成果,將本年度選用之中藥材同時比對衛福部農藥 殘留容許量以及前期成果建議之殘留容許量,提出下列建議:「農藥殘留容許量標準若 未在臺灣中藥典公告之檢測方法所能檢測之農藥品項內,則依國內最新公告之食品中殘 留農藥檢驗方法檢驗之。」;「中藥材農藥殘留容許量標準,應建立相關業者申請增修訂 之流程及需提供評估資料以因應相關中藥材中農藥殘留情形之演變。」;「評估中藥材來 源為農產品或鮮食品時,農藥殘留容許量標準可參酌採用衛福部或國際上已建立於農產 品上農藥殘留容許量標準」;「來源為農產品或鮮食品之中藥材,應以該農產品或鮮食品 上,評估中藥材使用的部位、時機及方式與農產品有別;中藥材的取食量較低及中藥材 需經過炮製等因素,考量加工因子後研訂容許量。」;「建議部分中藥材為多年生長植物 需長期栽培,可能含有來自生長環境中長殘留期有機氯農藥殘留,可另行公告有機氯殘 留容許量為外源性農藥殘留容許量標準。」等方向,供中醫藥司研訂中藥材安全衛生管 理規範之參考資料。 |
| 英文摘要 | Aim: The cultivation methods, growth characteristics, domestic feeding population, feeding patterns and intake of Chinese medicines was evaluated in this study. Then established background information on Chinese medicines by analyzing the pesticide residues of commercially samples (including the types and frequency of detected pesticide). Simultaneously collected the pesticide residue data in domestic agricultural products to compare the practical data, and formulate strategies for determining the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of pesticides in Chinese medicines. Method: In this regard, this study chose 15 items from “Classification and qualification of Chinese medicines for food raw materials” (Draft) by consulting industry and authorities, including Star Anise Fruit (八角茴香), Hawthorn Fruit (山楂), Chinese Yam (山藥), Lily Bulb (百合), Nutmeg Seed (肉豆蔻), Cardamon Fruit (白豆蔻), Euryale Seed (芡實), Pricklyash Peel (花椒), Wolfberry Fruit (枸杞子), Villous Amomum Fruit (砂仁), Pepper (胡椒), Dark Plum Fruit (烏梅), Chrysanthemum Flower (菊花), Peppermint Herb (薄荷), Turmeric Rhizome (薑黃), and twenty samples were collected for each item for pesticide residue analysis. The “Method of Testing for Pesticide Residues in Foods-Multi residue Analysis” (5) announced by the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration was used to determine the residues of 373 pesticides in all samples. Throughout the duration of this study, three meetings of experts were held, with relevant industrial, official, and academic experts in attendance to discuss the strategy of establishing pesticide MRLs in Chinese herbal medicine for ensuring the safety of people and the quality of Chinese herbal medicine supplied in Taiwan. Finally, this study integrates all the data of pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines collected over the years, and submits them to the Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy as reference to build up a standard of pesticide MRLs in Chinese herbal medicine. Results & Discussion: Finally, based on the results of this year and the previous years, the following recommendations were proposed for the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW): “If the tolerance standard of pesticide residue is not included in the Taiwan Herbal Pharmacopoeia, it will be inspected according to the latest method of testing for pesticide residues in foods”, “Appropriate operators should apply for the process of adding amendments and the need to provide assessment data in response to the evolution of pesticide residues in relevant Chinese medicines”, “When the source of the Chinese medicine is agricultural product or fresh food, the MRL may refer to the standard established by the MOHW or internationally”, “When the source of the Chinese medicine is agricultural product or fresh food, the processing factor of the MRL should be considered because the Chinese medicines need to be processed”, and “Some Chinese medicines are cultivated for a long time, and may contain the residue of organochlorine pesticides form growing environment. The MRLs of organochlorine pesticides may be separately announced as the MRLs of the exogenous pesticides”. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。