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| 題 名 | 從群體到個體:陳衍詩論對何紹基「性情論」的轉化及其意義=From Community to Individual: The Significance of Chen Yan's Poetic Theory Transformation on He Shaoji's "Theory of Nature" |
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| 作 者 | 陳勳; | 書刊名 | 雲漢學刊 |
| 卷 期 | 48 2024.09[民113.09] |
| 頁 次 | 頁235-291 |
| 分類號 | 821 |
| 關鍵詞 | 何紹基; 陳衍; 晚清詩; 性情; 詩教; Chen Yan; He Shaoji; Late Qing poems; Human nature; Poetic cultivation; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 清末「同光體」的領軍人物陳衍,對「道咸宋詩派」的何紹基之「不俗」論有不少承襲及補充之處。但「不俗」論的指涉層面,包括外在的詩歌風格,以及內在的作者性情。陳衍於前者的觀點,固然與何紹基同調,於後者則有明顯落差。對「性情」的詮釋,為辨析二者詩論獨特性的關鍵。何紹基的「性情」,是後天陶養的道德之性,以理性為主,是立基於群體意義下的理解;陳衍的「性情」,偏重於自然禀賦的先天之性,以感性為主,是聚焦在個體意義下的闡釋。所以何紹基論詩仍主「溫柔敦厚」的傳統詩教觀,陳衍則未於此多著墨。雖然他也提倡「變風變雅」,但目的旨在以「嬉笑怒駡」、「志微噍殺」的詩歌風格,宣抒亂世情境下個體面對不幸的悲歌。考察何紹基及陳衍的學術背景,可知何紹基服膺程朱理學,對性情、詩教的觀點皆承傳自朱熹,主張因詩見道。但陳衍並不崇尚理學,他的學術思想屬於漢學考據陣營,加上晚清崇尚實學之風的影響,使他對形上學的討論並不感興趣,淡化了詩文依附於道德主體的創作思想,而更重視詩人情感的自然發抒,有擺脫傳統詩教觀之傾向。這是他與何紹基在「性情」的看法上有落差的主要原因。從何紹基到陳衍的「性情觀」轉折,側面反映了「文學」概念從「群體」到「個體」的逐漸窄化,也凸顯了清末宋詩派處於新舊世代間的「過渡性」意義。 |
| 英文摘要 | Chen Yan, a prominent figure in the "Tongguang School", has inherited He Shaoji's "unsophisticated" poetic theory in many aspects. However, there are notable differences in the aspects referred to by the "unsophisticated" theory, including external poetic style and internal authorial nature. While Chen's views align with He's on the former, there is a clear disparity in the latter. The interpretation of "human nature" is crucial for distinguishing the uniqueness of their poetic theories. He's conception of "human nature" pertains to the cultivated moral disposition acquired postnatally, primarily rational and understood within the context of the community. In contrast, Chen's conception emphasizes the innate disposition bestowed by nature, primarily emotional, and interpreted within the context of the individual. Thus, while He's poetic theory remains rooted in the traditional poetic doctrine of "gentleness and sincerity," Chen does not dwell extensively on this aspect. Although he advocates for "changing styles to adapt to changing times," his aim is to express the lament of individuals facing misfortune in turbulent times. The shift from He Shaoji to Chen's conception of "human nature" represents the narrowing of the concept of "literature" from the "community" to the "individual", highlighting the transitional significance of the Song poetry school between the old and new generations in the late Qing dynasty. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。