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| 題 名 | 氣候變遷下對地下水質管理與使用衝擊評估與調適策略之探討=Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies of Climate Change on Groundwater Quality and Utilization |
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| 作 者 | 黃雅甄; 王聖瑋; 林文勝; 潘述元; 范致豪; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
| 卷 期 | 69:4 2023.12[民112.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁1-19 |
| 分類號 | 443.86 |
| 關鍵詞 | 氣候變遷; 地下水資源; 衝擊評估; 調適策略; Climate change; Groundwater resources; Impact assessment; Adaptation strategies; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| DOI | 10.29974/JTAE.202312_69(4).0001 |
| 中文摘要 | 臺灣地區雖有豐沛年降雨量,但地理位置與氣候條件的因素,造成降雨豐枯分布差異顯著。近年來在全球溫暖化的影響下,極端氣候事件發生頻率與強度有增加的趨勢,也導致降雨豐枯差異情形更加顯著,增加我國水資源穩定供給的風險,若此分布不均的情形日趨劇烈,更可能增加澇旱災害所產生的損失。氣候變遷改變水文循環,直接衝擊水資源調配與地下水的使用,進而影響整體水資源供需平衡及可能衍生之用水安全等議題。考量前述的背景資訊,本研究的主要目的,為評估臺灣地下水資源未來可能面臨之衝擊,並針對可能受影響之區域,研擬可行調適策略。於受氣候變遷影響導致雨量增加之情境下,在代表濃度路徑(Representative Concentration Pathway, RCP)4.5和RCP 8.5與近世紀(西元2016-2035年)及世紀末(西元2081-2100年)條件下,分析模擬結果後歸納出需要高度注意的優先關注區域,為苗栗、臺中、高雄、屏東及花東等部分區域;而在氣候變遷雨量減少之情境下,在RCP 4.5和RCP 8.5近世紀及世紀末之模擬結果,歸納出需優先關注區域要為新北、桃園及宜蘭等部分區域。在氣候變遷趨勢下,臺灣極可能會面臨乾旱期延長、強降雨事件,地下水資源為我國的重要備用水源,未來其所扮演的腳色也將更為重要。根據研究成果顯示,雨量增多之情境,應有效針對源頭管制,加控管廢水的排放規範,減少地下水水質污染來源。而雨量減少之情境,應將地下水資源進行分級應用,規劃產業取用優先順序,避免區域地下水匱乏情形惡化,並限制用水安全風險較高之區域取用地下水,並針對高污染風險事業進行水污染排放行為進行管控,得以保障用水單位之用水安全。本研究透過氣候變遷情境模擬,可有效掌握地下水資源造成衝擊的優先關注區域,掌握臺灣地下水資源之衝擊變化,並提出適當的調適策略。 |
| 英文摘要 | The rainfall in Taiwan is considered abundant as compared to that of world average, but its distribution in time and space is uneven due to geographical and climatic factors, resulting in extreme variations in available water resource. Recently, the impact of climate change increases the occurring frequency and intensity of extreme events, which may unevenly re-distribute the rainfall to an even worse situation and enhance the damage from drought and flood. The climate change alters the hydrological cycle which subsequently impacts water supply/demand and groundwater resource management. As a result, the alteration of the hydrological cycle may eventually influence the overall balance of water supply/demand and security issues of water usage. Given such a prevailing background, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the potential impacts on Taiwan's groundwater resources in the future and propose possible adaptation strategies. In the scenarios with rainfall increase having the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 due to climate change at the near (the year 2016-2035) and end (the year 2081-2100) of the century, the areas of priority concern include the counties of Miaoli, Taichung, Kaohsiung, Pingtung, and portions of Hualien and Taitung counties. Conversely, in scenarios with rainfall decrease at RCP 4.5 and 8.5 having the near and end of the century, the areas of priority concern are the areas of New Taipei, Taoyuan, and certain parts of Yilan. Generally speaking, Taiwan is likely to face challenges of prolonged drought and intensified rainfall and groundwater resources shall play a crucial role as supplementary water sources. According to the research findings, in the scenario of increased rainfall, it is important to effectively control the pollution at the source by regulating the discharge of wastewater and reducing groundwater contamination. In the scenario of decreased rainfall, a graded application of groundwater resources should be implemented, prioritizing industrial water usage and avoiding further depletion of regional groundwater resources. It is also necessary to restrict the use of groundwater in areas with higher water security risks and control water pollution from industries with high pollution risks, in order to ensure the water security of water-consuming units. This study utilizes climate change scenario simulations to effectively identify the priority areas impacted by groundwater resources, understand the changes in the impact of Taiwan's groundwater resources, and propose appropriate adaptation strategies. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。